Table 1. Baseline demographics and characteristics after propensity score matching.
Cohort 1: Ischemic stroke diagnosis with obesity and subsequent decompressive hemicraniectomy procedure. Cohort 2: Ischemic stroke diagnosis without obesity and subsequent decompressive hemicraniectomy procedure.
ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision; CPT: Current Procedural Terminology.
| Before matching | After matching | ||||||
| Codes (ICD-10, medication, or CPT) | Diagnosis | Cohort 1, n (%) | Cohort 2, n (%) | Std. diff. | Cohort 1, n (%) | Cohort 2, n (%) | Std. diff. |
| AI | Age at index | 55.41 (100.000) | 56.26 (100.000) | - | 53.79 (100.000) | 53.69 (100.000) | - |
| M | Male | 920 (48.884) | 3230 (59.605) | 0.2165 | 337 (52.167) | 327 (50.619) | 0.030975 |
| F | Female | 962 (51.116) | 2189 (40.395) | 0.2165 | 309 (47.833) | 319 (49.381) | 0.030975 |
| 2106-3 | White | 1303 (69.235) | 3824 (70.567) | 0.0290 | 451 (69.814) | 463 (71.672) | 0.04084 |
| 2054-5 | Black or African American | 409 (21.732) | 910 (16.793) | 0.1255 | 139 (21.517) | 130 (20.124) | 0.034318 |
| 2131-1 | Unspecified race | 142 (7.545) | 564 (10.408) | 0.1003 | 46 (7.121) | 39 (6.037) | 0.043719 |
| 2028-9 | Asian | 20 (1.063) | 101 (1.864) | 0.0668 | 10 (1.548) | 13 (2.012) | 0.035126 |
| I10-I16 | Hypertensive diseases | 1476 (78.427) | 3268 (60.306) | 0.4009 | 418 (64.706) | 402 (62.229) | 0.051454 |
| E78 | Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidemias | 982 (52.179) | 1828 (33.733) | 0.3793 | 244 (37.771) | 237 (36.687) | 0.022417 |
| E08-E13 | Diabetes mellitus, type 1 and type 2 | 786 (41.764) | 1097 (20.244) | 0.4784 | 181 (28.019) | 165 (25.542) | 0.055955 |
| R53 | Malaise and fatigue | 559 (29.702) | 1121 (20.686) | 0.2088 | 149 (23.065) | 119 (18.421) | 0.114722 |
| F17 | Nicotine dependence | 468 (24.867) | 1127 (20.797) | 0.0971 | 123 (19.040) | 104 (16.099) | 0.077343 |
| I20-I25 | Ischemic heart diseases | 525 (27.896) | 1090 (20.114) | 0.1829 | 120 (18.576) | 108 (16.718) | 0.048742 |
| R13 | Aphagia and dysphagia | 550 (29.224) | 1295 (23.897) | 0.1208 | 115 (17.802) | 108 (16.718) | 0.028677 |
| J40-J47 | Chronic lower respiratory diseases | 481 (25.558) | 825 (15.224) | 0.2586 | 107 (16.563) | 105 (16.254) | 0.00836 |
| N17-N19 | Acute kidney failure and chronic kidney disease | 501 (26.621) | 926 (17.088) | 0.2322 | 95 (14.706) | 86 (13.313) | 0.040148 |
| R40 | Somnolence, stupor, and coma | 459 (24.389) | 1214 (22.403) | 0.0469 | 82 (12.693) | 70 (10.836) | 0.057679 |
| I48 | Atrial fibrillation and flutter | 366 (19.447) | 785 (14.486) | 0.1325 | 76 (11.765) | 63 (9.752) | 0.06498 |
| I50 | Heart failure | 383 (20.351) | 610 (11.257) | 0.2513 | 71 (10.991) | 67 (10.372) | 0.020048 |
| Z87.891 | Personal history of nicotine dependence | 348 (18.491) | 587 (10.832) | 0.2178 | 65 (10.062) | 59 (9.133) | 0.031536 |
| R63 | Symptoms and signs concerning food and fluid intake | 177 (9.405) | 343 (6.330) | 0.1144 | 43 (6.656) | 42 (6.502) | 0.006244 |
| I73 | Other peripheral vascular diseases | 136 (7.226) | 232 (4.281) | 0.1267 | 35 (5.418) | 27 (4.180) | 0.057963 |
| F10.1 | Alcohol abuse | 88 (4.676) | 310 (5.721) | 0.0471 | 20 (3.096) | 16 (2.477) | 0.037629 |
| F10.2 | Alcohol dependence | 65 (3.454) | 220 (4.060) | 0.0319 | 14 (2.167) | 15 (2.322) | 0.01045 |
| K74 | Fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver | 33 (1.753) | 60 (1.107) | 0.0544 | <10 (<1.548) | <10 (<1.548) | 0 |
| E65-E68 | Overweight, obesity, and other hyperalimentation | 1245 (66.153) | 10 (0.185) | 1.963531 | <10 (<1.548) | <10 (<1.548) | 0 |
| 1191 | Aspirin | 778 (41.339) | 1632 (30.116) | 0.2358213 | 215 (33.282) | 209 (32.353) | 0.019782 |
| 11289 | Warfarin | 172 (9.139) | 281 (5.185) | 0.1537802 | 36 (5.573) | 33 (5.108) | 0.020656 |
| 8410 | Alteplase | 140 (7.439) | 296 (5.462) | 0.08053 | 33 (5.108) | 27 (4.180) | 0.044147 |
| 1364430 | Apixaban | 65 (3.454) | 95 (1.753) | 0.1069543 | <10 (<1.548) | <10 (<1.548) | 0 |
| 1114195 | Rivaroxaban | 34 (1.807) | 67 (1.236) | 0.0465949 | <10 (<1.548) | <10 (<1.548) | 0 |
| 259280 | Tenecteplase | <10 (<0.531) | 16 (0.295) | 0.0368061 | <10 (<1.548) | <10 (<1.548) | 0 |
| 31500 | Intubation, endotracheal, emergency procedure | 173 (9.192) | 529 (9.762) | 0.0194479 | 33 (5.108) | 29 (4.489) | 0.028973 |