FIGURE 1.

Effect of lactobacillus cell-free culture supernatants on C. trachomatis infectivity. C. trachomatis EB was pre-incubated with either a DMEM cell culture medium (control), an MRS bacterial culture medium (control), or sterile-filtered cell-free culture supernatants collected from overnight cultures of L. iners, L. crispatus, L. jensenii, L. gasseri, L. reuteri, L. salivarius, and L. mucosa prior to HeLa cells infected with C. trachomatis. The infected cells were processed for immunofluorescence detection of the C. trachomatis E organism (green), and DNA (blue) (A). C. trachomatis IFUs were scored by fluorescence microscopy (B). Each bar represents the mean ± SD of the IFUs from three independent experiments. ***p < 0.001 vs. MRS control; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, and ^###p < 0.001 vs. L. iners supernatants treatment (one-way ANOVA).