Table 5.
State-of-the-art comparison.
| Ref | Design approach | Fractional bandwidth (%) | Isolation between radiators (dB) | Max. gain (dBi) | Max. eff. (%) | Design complexity | MIMO application |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 | Orthogonal polarization | 3.8 | > 12 | – | – | Low | Yes |
| 20 | Tri-polarized | 5.7 | > 10 | – | 70 | Low | Yes |
| 29 | T-shaped slot | 5.7 | > 11 | 2 | 90 | Low | Yes |
| 30 | Self-decoupled | 246 | > 7 | – | 85.1 | Moderate | Yes |
| 31 | Multi-slot decoupling | 12.2/15.4 | > 15.5 | – | 48/80 | High | Yes |
| 32 | Decoupling network | 19.5/51.1 | > 15 | – | – | Low | Yes |
| 33 | Decoupling stub | 24/4 | > 11.5 | – | 76.5/79 | Low | Yes |
| This work | Matching stubs + dot-wall + DGP | 58.82 | > 27 | 11.25 | 84 | Low | Yes |