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. 2022 May 12;5:449. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03376-y

Table 1.

Description and characteristics of the polysaccharides used in the study.

Name Mannan 1,3–1,6-β-glucan 1,3-β-glucan 1,6-β-glucan
Aliases NA β-1,3/1,6-glucan Curdlan, β-1,3-glucan hydrate Pustulan, β(1 → 6)-glucan
Trade name Mannan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae—prepared by alkaline extraction Glucan from baker’s yeast (S. cerevisiae) Beta-1,3-glucan from Alcaligenes faecalis Dectin-1 agonist - beta-glucan from Lasallia pustulata
Catalog number M7504 G5011 tlrl-curd tlrl-pst
CAS numbera 9036-88-8 9012-72-0 54724-00-4 37331-28-5
Manufacturer Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich InvivoGen InvivoGen
Molecular weight 34.0–62.5 kDa50 35–5000 kDa51 High molecular weighta Usually 66–680 kDa52 20 kDaa
Polymer structure Branched Branched Linear Linear
O-glycosidic linkages in glucans NA 1 → 3 and 1 → 6 1 → 3 1 → 6
Puritya ≥99.9% ≥98.00% Not determined Not determined
Solubility in watera ca.50 g/l 9.80–10.20 mg/ml Insoluble Insoluble
Solubility (turbidity)a Clear to slightly hazy Turbid with insolubles Non-homogenous suspension with gelatinous precipitates Non-homogenous suspension with gelatinous precipitates
Preparation for in vivo administration Dissolved in PBS 10–20 mg/ml Suspended in PBS ≤5 mg/ml Suspended in PBS ≤ 3 mg/ml Suspended in PBS ≤3 mg/ml
Additional Notes Impurity (by TLC) ≤ 0.1%a NA The presence of bacterial contamination (e.g., lipoproteins and endotoxins) has been assessed using HEK-Blue™ TLR2 and HEK-Blue™ TLR4 cells. Curdlan induces TLR2 and TLR4 activity when used at concentrations higher than 100 µg/mla The presence of bacterial contamination (e.g., lipoproteins and endotoxins) has been assessed using HEK-Blue™ TLR2 and HEK-Blue™ TLR4 cells. Latest batch activated TLR2 at 100 µg/ml and TLR4 at 30 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml resulted in only weak activation of both.a

NA not applicable.

aInformation from the manufacturer.