Table 1.
Main baseline demographic, clinical and laboratory data of the patients included in the study.
| Variable | CVID phenotype (n = 28) | BCD (n = 24) | Control (n = 14) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, yr; median (IQR) | 50 (41−68.5) | 51 (46−56) | 50.5 (30−65) | 0.701 |
| Sex (Male); n (%) | 14 (50.0) | 11 (45.8) | 8 (57.1) | 0.800 |
| Biochemical determinations | ||||
| Albumin, g/L; median (IQR) | 45.3 (42.5−47.5) | 46.9 (44.0−47.6) | 46.0 (46.0−48.0) | 0.279 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L; median (IQR) | 71 (58−82.5) | 58.5 (52−71.5) | 70.5 (64−85) | 0.094 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L; median (IQR) | 2.43 (1.12−3.93) | 1.31 (0.80−2.77) | 0.71 (0.60−4.00) | 0.075 |
| Haematological determinations | ||||
| Leucocytes, x109 cells/L; median (IQR) | 6.09 (4.34−8.24) | 6.56 (5.64−8.04) | 6.60 (5.92−8.10) | 0.733 |
| Neutrophils, x109 cells/L; median (IQR) | 3.65 (2.79−5.07) | 4.37 (3.48−5.23) | 3.83 (3.08−5.38) | 0.498 |
| Lymphocytes, x109 cells/L; median (IQR) | 1.43 (1.03−2.39) | 1.46 (1.11−1.78) | 1.85 (1.64−2.12) | 0.055 |
| Immunological determinations | ||||
| Immunoglobulin G, mg/L; median (IQR) | 8116 (6548−10146) | 7836 (6759−9019) | 11545 (10300−12315) | <0.001 |
| Immunoglobulin M, mg/L; median (IQR) | 207 (52.5−436) | 609 (291−781) | 921 (554−1383) | <0.001 |
| Immunoglobulin A, mg/L; median (IQR) | 50 (50−725) | 1639 (1432−2503) | 2204 (1882−2634) | <0.001 |
| CD3+, x106/L; median (IQR) | 1063 (837−1837) | 1208 (940−1474) | 1413 (1184−1648) | 0.273 |
| CD3+, %; median (IQR) | 81.0 (76.5−86.0) | 87.5 (77.5−91.0) | 81.0 (76.5−86.0) | 0.012 |
| CD3+CD4+, x106/L; median (IQR) | 602 (408−971) | 778 (672−1133) | 942 (785−1102) | 0.012 |
| CD3+CD4+, %; median (IQR) | 42.0 (32.5−48.0) | 58.5 (49.5−65.0) | 51.0 (47.0−54.0) | <0.001 |
| CD3+CD4+, < 200x106/L; n (%) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.507 |
| CD3+CD4+CD45RA, < 10%; n (%) | 14 (50.0) | 2 (7.1) | 3 (21.4) | 0.004 |
| CD3+CD8+; x106/L, median (IQR) | 411 (267−782) | 281 (202−537) | 436 (354−479) | 0.266 |
| CD3+CD8+; %, median (IQR) | 31.0 (19.5−48.0) | 23.0 (14.0−31.5) | 21.5 (17.0−26.0) | 0.034 |
| (CD3+CD4+)/(CD3+CD8+) 1; median (IQR) | 1.41 (0.73−2.46) | 2.83 (1.49−4.11) | 2.33 (1.94−2.79) | 0.007 |
| NK (CD3-CD16+CD56+), x106/L; median (IQR) | 118 (68.5−184) | 217 (102−295) | 203 (171−251) | 0.017 |
| NK (CD3-CD16+CD56+), %; median (IQR) | 6.0 (4.0−14.0) | 10.5 (7.0−22.0) | 10.5 (8.0−13.0) | 0.027 |
| CD19+, x106/L; median (IQR) | 123 (40.5−215) | 0 (0−0) | 237 (195−262) | <0.001 |
| CD19+, ≤ 1%; n (%) | 5 (17.9) | 24 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Switched memory B cells (CD19+CD27+IgD-IgM-), ≤ 2%; n (%) | 15 (53.6) | 24 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Transitional B cells (CD19+CD24hiCD27-CD38hi), < 9%; n (%) | 25 (89.3) | 24 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.272 |
| Activated B cells (CD19+CD21loCD38lo), > 10%; n (%) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | 0.458 |
| Absent haemagglutinins; n (%) | 8 (29.6) | 5 (21.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.097 |
| Salmonella Typhi M vaccine, deficient response; n (%) | 25 (89.3) | 18 (94.7) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Complement C3, mg/L; median (IQR) | 1225 (1070−1335) | 1210 (1020−1415) | 1165 (1090−1320) | 0.963 |
| Complement C4, mg/L; median (IQR) | 257 (213−352) | 260 (223−286) | 230 (164−260) | 0.152 |
| Complement B, mg/L; median (IQR) | 365 (316−424) | 331 (300−423) | 347 (274−377) | 0.531 |
| SARS-CoV-2 tests | ||||
| IgG anti-S, BAU/mL; median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0−1.40) | 0.0 (0.0−0.0) | 0.0 (0.0−0.0) | 0.025 |
| (IgG+IgA+IgM) anti-N, BAU/mL; median (IQR) | 0.079 (0.071−1.22) | 0.073 (0.069−0.075) | 0.081 (0.074−0.088) | 0.871 |
| IGRA, U/mL; median (IQR) | 5.45 (0.00−13.5) | 0.53 (0.00−12.1) | 2.00 (0.00−41.1) | 0.893 |
| Treatments | ||||
| Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy, yes; n (%) | 23 (82.1) | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Rituximab, yes; n (%) | n.a. | 7 (29.2) | n.a. | n.a. |
| Ocrelizumab, yes; n (%) | n.a. | 17 (70.8) | n.a. | n.a. |
| Vaccines | ||||
| BNT162b2; n (%) | 3 (10.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (7.1) | 0.192 |
| mRNA-1273; n (%) | 24 (85.7) | 23 (95.8) | 13 (92.9) | 0.725 |
| ChAdOx1 nCoV-19; n (%) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0.325 |
| Ad26.COV2.S; n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n.a. |
| Others | ||||
| Number of days between the antiCD20 therapy and the first vaccine administration; median (IQR) | n.a. | 118 (96−139) | n.a. | n.a. |
| Number of days between the vaccine second dose and blood extraction for analysis; median (IQR) | 28 (28−34) | 29 (28−34) | 33 (30−40) | 0.235 |
IQR, interquartile range; n.a, not applicable; BCD, B-cell depleted; CVID, common variable immunodeficiency.
Significant p-values are in bold.