Table 3.

Themes, definitions, subthemes, excerpts, and sources: sample qualitative data findings.

No.	Themes and sub-themes	Definitions	Quote or excerpt from qualitative data source	Source
	Knowledge	Knowledge among community, family, and DCS
1	Brain injury	Impact of injury on cognition, behavior, and lives	The community needs to have greater awareness of brain injury, that it could happen to anyone, that it should not be stigmatized.	FGD 1-19-17
2	DCS role and work	Role and care work of DCS	The community does not know who we are. How can we get to know each other? How can we get them to accept us?	CTM 1-26-17
	Community	Local community (residents, businesses, etc.)
3	Stigma	Stigma toward residents and care staff	The community does not understand that brain injured individuals are not harmful, despite some potential behavioral issues.	CTM 3-16-17
4	Respect	Respectful treatment and perceptions (or lack of)	Our work with residents who have brain injury is not valued.	CTM 1-26-17
5	Sustainability	Sustainability of efforts to engage community	Building relationships between the community and residents and staff is a cycle. This will be an ongoing process.	CTM 3-16-17
	Family	Family members of group home residents
6	Respect	Respectful interactions (or lack of same)	Negative behaviors by family hurt staff morale and make staff feel their care work is not appreciated.	CTM 2-23-17
7			Some family members are surprised to learn that “staff really care.” This new information makes them want to know staff better.	CTM 3-2-17
8	DCS role and work	Role and care work of DCS	Yelling at staff by family members shows lack of respect for staff role	CTM 2-23-17
	Communication	Communication between community and DCS, and family and DCS
9	Sustainability	Build new communication skills	Staff can be supported by management to learn ways to curb rude behavior from family. For example, the rudeness of others can be limited with polite talk, e.g., “How are you today?”	CTM 3-16-17
10			We are concerned about how our comments might be received by the community and family. We need advice on communication and language.	CTM 3-31-17
11	Respect	Respectful interactions (or lack of same)	We need to thank the community and make sure they know how much we appreciate their presence and what they already do.	CTM 3-31-17
12			I felt people were listening.	SM 4-21-17
	Intervention	Community event planned by change team
13	Goal	Goal for intervention	Improve relationships between residents and community, staff and family, staff, and community.	CTM 1-26-17
14	Activity	Activity at intervention	A fishbowl exercise is better than a panel presentation because it is informal, and more people can participate.	CTM 3-9-17
15			We want to share the fact that the US and English-speaking African countries were colonized by England, and each has resistance heroes (like the Minutemen).	CTM 3-9-17
16	Outcome	Self-report, during FGD or KII	An expectation has been set: staff are going into the community, and the community has said to us “Come to us, we will be welcoming.”	KII June 2017 (DCS)
17			The level of effort involved in a project like this is a barrier. Keeping staff involved is difficult.	KII June 2017 (HM)

CTM, change team meeting; DCS, direct care staff; FGD, focus group discussion; HM, house manager; KII, key informant interviews; SM, staff meeting.