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. 2022 May 8;23(9):5241. doi: 10.3390/ijms23095241

Figure 5.

Figure 5

PalERF2 directly regulated the expression of PalRD20 and PalSAG113. (A) Structures of effector and reporters employed in Dual-luciferase assay. (B) Transient co-expression of effector and reporter vectors in N. benthamiana leaves. Data shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to control by Student’s t-test, ***, p < 0.01. (C) Distribution of DRE and core DRE motifs in the promoter of PalRD20 and PalSAG113. (D,E) ChIP-qPCR demonstrated that PalERF2 bound to the promoter region of PalRD20 and PalSAG113 containing DRE in vivo. Significant differences were analyzed by Duncan’s test (p < 0.05, n = 5). Different letters indicate statistically significant differences. (F) EMSA demonstrated that PalERF2 bound to the DRE in the PalRD20 and PalSAG113 promoters. Unlabeled cold probes as a competitor to compete with labeled probes. + means the cold probe is 20 times the labeled probe, ++ means 50 times. The arrows mark the binding probe and free probe.