Table 3.
Weighted mean 25(OH)D (nmol/L), prevalence of vitD insufficiency (<50 nmol/L), and vitD supplement use by immigration status.
| S-25(OH)D, (nmol/L) | <50 (nmol/L) | vitD Supplement Use | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Immigrant †
Mean (SE) |
Immigrant Mean (SE) |
95% CI | p-Value | Non-Immigrant †
% |
Immigrant % |
p-Value | Non-Immigrant †
% |
Immigrant % |
p-Value | |
| Diabetes | 65.30 (4.05) | 47.56 (4.46) | −31.35, −4.13 | 0.013 | 31.43 | 61.63 | <0.001 | 5.28 | 6.31 | 0.642 |
| Heart disease | 66.63 (2.15) | 57.87 (3.80) | −17.42, −0.11 | 0.048 | 32.12 | 38.38 | <0.001 | c | c | |
| Cancer | 70.71 (2.86) | 67.96 (5.71) | −16.49, 10.98 | 0.681 | 29.08 | 32.28 | <0.001 | 5.02 | 8.14 | 0.083 |
| Asthma | 59.13 (2.37) | 54.23 (3.36) | −12.97, 3.18 | 0.222 | 30.68 | 53.59 | <0.001 | c | c | |
| Inflammatory lung diseases a | 63.87 (1.80) | 53.27 (5.80) | −22.09, 0.88 | 0.069 | 30.76 | 3841 | <0.001 | c | c | |
| CDs b | 62.18 (1.80) | 56.29 (2.49) | −11.23, −0.53 | 0.033 | 31.35 | 47.38 | <0.001 | 4.91 | 4.97 | 0.379 |
| Self-rated general health (poor/fair) | 58.69 (1.94) | 48.68 (2.98) | 3.61, 16.43 | 0.004 | 31.13 | 61.2 | <0.001 | 5.28 | 4.37 | 0.807 |
| Self-rated mental health (poor/fair) | 59.83 (2.43) | 47.55 (3.75) | 4.12, 20.45 | 0.005 | 32.52 | 64.39 | <0.001 | 5.67 | 3.67 | 0.271 |
a Inflammatory lung diseases: bronchitis + chronic obstructive pulmonary disease + emphysema; (age > 29 years). b CDs (chronic diseases): at least one of the listed CDs (diabetes, heart disease, cancer, asthma, and inflammatory lung diseases). c Data are not sufficient for analysis. † Reference value; p ≤ 0.05; SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval.