Table 6.
Overview of essential oil microencapsulation, methods, wall materials, and industrial applications.
| Microencapsulation Method | Wall Material(s) | Essential Oil/Source | Applications | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emulsification | Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose/ chitosan/silica |
Peppermint oil | Medical | [212] |
| Polydopamine | Turpentine | Agrochemical | [213] | |
| β-cyclodextrin | Thyme | Food | [214] | |
| β-cyclodextrin/sugar beet pectin | Garlic | Food | [215] | |
| Ionic Gelation | Cassava starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) | Oregano | Food | [216] |
| Simple Coacervation | Gelatin | Basil | Agrochemical | [217] |
| Poly(vinyl alcohol) | Lemongrass | Food and pharmaceutical | [206] | |
| Complex Coacervation | Gelatin/gum arabic | Citronella | Anti-mosquito textile | [149] |
| Gelatin/sodium alginate | Citronella | Anti-mosquito textile | [218] | |
| Gelatin/gum arabic | Lavender | Cosmetics | [219] | |
| Chitosan/gum arabic/maltodextrin | Peppermint | Cosmetics | [220] | |
| Chitosan/k-carrageenan | Pimenta dioica | Food | [221] | |
| Gelatin/chia mucilage | Oregano | Food | [222] | |
| Mung bean protein isolate/apricot peel pectin | Rose | Food | [223] | |
| Sichuan pepper seed soluble dietary fibre/soybean protein isolate | Sichuan pepper | Food | [224] | |
| Whey protein isolate/arabic gum | Orange | Food | [225] | |
| Interfacial Polymerization |
Polyurea | Lemongrass, lavender, sage and thyme | Agrochemical | [200] |
| In situ polymerisation | Silicon dioxide/poly(melamine formaldehyde) | Cinnamon | Agrochemical | [226] |
| Melamine/formaldehyde | Thyme | Food | [169] | |
| Melamine/formaldehyde | Lavandin and tea tree | Paints | [227] | |
| Extrusion | Sodium alginate | Nutmeg | Pharmaceutical | [228] |
| Sodium alginate | Rosemary | Agrochemical | [229] | |
| Spray Drying | Acacia gum | Citronella | Cosmetics | [230] |
| Palm trunk/ chitosan | Ginger | Food | [231] | |
| Maltodextrin | Citrus | Food | [232] | |
| Gum arabic/maltodextrin/sodium alginate/whey protein concentrate | Juniper berry |
Food | [233] | |
| Whey protein isolate/maltodextrin/sodium alginate |
Cinnamon | Food | [234] | |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose/maltodextrin | Oregano | Food | [235] | |
| Gelatin/arabic gum | Citronella | Textile | [70] | |
| Gum arabic/starch/maltodextrin/inulin | Rosemary | Food | [203] | |
| Gum arabic/modified starch | Black pepper | Food | [236] | |
| Gum arabic/maltodextrin/whey protein isolate |
Basil | Food | [237] | |
| Freeze-drying | Urushiol | Not mentioned | Medical and pharmaceutical | [238] |
| β-cyclodextrin | Litsea cubeba | Cosmetics and pharmaceutical | [239] | |
| Maltodextrin/gelation | Lemongrass | Cosmetics, pharmaceutical and food | [240] | |
| Gum arabic/collagen hydrolysate |
Origanum onites L. |
Environmental | [241] | |
| Whey protein isolate/carboxymethylcellulose |
Orange | Food | [242] | |
| Supercritical Fluid Technology |
Starch | Oregano | Food | [243] |
| n-octenyl succinic/modified starches | Lavandin | Agrochemical | [244] | |
| Modified starch | Limonene | Food | [245] |