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. 2022 May 9;27(9):3030. doi: 10.3390/molecules27093030

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme 1 — A hypothetical model that explains how curine affects the efflux activity of ABCB1. (A) displays a schematical representation of the ABCB1 membrane protein in the process of the efflux drug. (A) shows the transition from an inactive state to an active state of the efflux pump. The exclusion of a drug (D) through the channel, which is formed by the interaction of the two transmembrane domains (TMD1 and 2), occurs following the hydrolysis of ATP after its binding to the NBD1 and 2 sites. The energy released by this hydrolysis promotes a 90° rotation of the NBDs, thus allowing the opening of the channel and the efflux of the drug (D). (B) shows the inhibition of the efflux of the drug (D) following the binding of curine to the NBDs, thus preventing their rotation and the opening of the pump channel.