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. 2022 Apr 29;16:837494. doi: 10.3389/fnbot.2022.837494

Table 1.

Pre-therapy vs. post-therapy comparative statistical analysis.

Assessment Measurement t -Student or Wilcoxon d 1-β Pre Post
Statistic P-value α HB M SD M SD
Dynamometry (kgf·kg−1) Maximum paretic hip flexion −1.155 0.260 0.005 0.24 0.52 0.14 0.07 0.16 0.06
Average paretic hip flexion −0.022 0.983 0.050 0.01 0.98 0.15 0.07 0.15 0.05
Maximum non-paretic hip flexion −2.305 0.031 0.003 0.48 0.51 0.15 0.05 0.17 0.05
Average non-paretic hip flexion −2.085 0.049 0.003 0.44 0.51 0.14 0.05 0.16 0.04
Maximum paretic hip extension −1.742 0.095 0.004 0.36 0.51 0.16 0.07 0.18 0.09
Average paretic hip extension −1.576 0.129 0.004 0.33 0.51 0.15 0.06 0.17 0.08
Maximum non-paretic hip extension −0.98 0.338 0.006 0.20 0.53 0.19 0.07 0.20 0.07
Average non-paretic hip extension −0.584 0.565 0.010 0.12 0.63 0.18 0.06 0.18 0.06
Maximum paretic hip abduction 4.163 0.001 0.002 0.87 0.64 0.13 0.05 0.17 0.07
Average paretic hip abduction 4.316 0.001 0.002 0.90 0.69 0.12 0.05 0.16 0.06
Maximum non-paretic hip abduction 5.789 0.001 0.002 1.21 0.96 0.15 0.05 0.20 0.05
Average non-paretic hip abduction 5.837 0.001 0.002 1.22 0.97 0.14 0.05 0.19 0.05
Maximum paretic knee flexion 3.487 0.002 0.002 0.73 0.51 0.08 0.03 0.10 0.05
Average paretic knee flexion 3.541 0.002 0.002 0.74 0.53 0.07 0.03 0.09 0.05
Maximum non-paretic knee flexion 4.856 0.001 0.002 1.01 0.83 0.10 0.04 0.14 0.05
Average non-paretic knee flexion 4.865 0.001 0.002 1.01 0.83 0.10 0.03 0.13 0.05
Maximum paretic knee extension −0.945 0.355 0.006 0.20 0.54 0.14 0.06 0.15 0.05
Average paretic knee extension −0.574 0.571 0.013 0.12 0.63 0.14 0.05 0.14 0.05
Maximum non-paretic knee extension −2.493 0.021 0.003 0.52 0.51 0.16 0.06 0.18 0.05
Average non-paretic knee extension −2.494 0.021 0.003 0.52 0.97 0.15 0.06 0.17 0.05
Maximum paretic ankle dorsiflexion 0.711 0.484 0.007 0.15 0.58 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.02
Average paretic ankle dorsiflexion 0.586 0.564 0.008 0.12 0.63 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.02
Maximum non-paretic ankle dorsiflexion −0.406w 0.685 0.017 0.04 0.69 0.07 0.03 0.07 0.03
Average non-paretic ankle dorsiflexion −0.336w 0.737 0.025 0.05 0.74 0.07 0.03 0.07 0.03
Maximum paretic ankle plantarflexion −1.576 0.129 0.005 0.33 0.51 0.10 0.05 0.12 0.06
Average paretic ankle plantarflexion −1.818 0.083 0.004 0.39 0.51 0.09 0.05 0.11 0.05
Maximum non-paretic ankle plantarflexion −1.802w 0.072 0.003 0.48 0.65 0.12 0.04 0.15 0.06
Average non-paretic ankle plantarflexion −2.256w 0.024 0.003 0.56 0.59 0.11 0.04 0.14 0.05
PROM (°) Paretic hip flexion −1.540w 0.124 0.007 0.14 0.20 118.87 8.35 117.70 11.23
Nonparetic hip flexion −0.935w 0.350 0.017 0.15 0.45 117.48 8.58 115.87 10.86
Paretic hip extension 1.086 0.289 0.013 0.23 0.52 20.52 7.29 18.87 6.05
Non-paretic hip extension −2.045w 0.041 0.005 0.49 0.56 22.17 6.44 19.00 5.48
Paretic hip abduction 4.021w 0.001 0.002 1.45 1.00 38.17 6.63 26.52 7.63
Non-paretic hip abduction 5.504 0.001 0.002 1.15 0.94 40.09 9.79 27.48 7.54
Paretic hip adduction 3.247w 0.001 0.003 0.82 0.53 25.22 6.17 19.43 5.30
Non-paretic hip adduction 6.049 0.001 0.002 1.26 0.98 26.61 4.76 18.39 3.86
Paretic hip external rotation −0.767w 0.443 0.025 0.19 0.60 29.26 6.34 27.61 5.69
Non-paretic hip external rotation 2.471 0.022 0.005 0.52 0.51 31.30 6.57 27.91 5.23
Paretic hip internal rotation 3.213 0.004 0.003 0.67 0.51 29.74 6.44 25.04 8.01
Non-paretic hip internal rotation 3.195 0.004 0.003 0.667 0.51 33.48 6.72 28.43 5.87
Paretic knee flexion 1.79 0.087 0.006 0.37 0.51 125.96 10.39 122.48 10.87
Non-paretic knee flexion −1.779w 0.075 0.006 0.39 0.49 126.35 8.50 122.83 9.45
Paretic knee extension −0.254w 0.799 0.050 0.02 0.80 2.96 6.63 2.87 4.17
Non-paretic knee extension −1.265w 0.206 0.010 0.29 0.54 1.22 5.11 2.35 3.79
Paretic ankle dorsiflexion −2.861w 0.004 0.003 0.65 0.45 8.78 6.79 5.57 6.22
Non-paretic ankle dorsiflexion −2.361w 0.018 0.004 0.53 0.48 12.04 6.50 9.17 6.84
Paretic ankle plantarflexion 4.508 0.001 0.002 0.94 0.75 42.61 9.66 34.57 8.90
Non-paretic ankle plantarflexion 3.642w 0.001 0.003 1.20 0.95 41.74 7.32 31.96 8.21
Paretic ankle inversion −1.509w 0.131 0.008 0.38 0.58 20.09 5.13 18.43 4.97
Non-paretic ankle inversion −2.315w 0.021 0.004 0.54 0.53 21.48 4.52 18.91 5.24
Paretic ankle eversion −2.800w 0.005 0.004 0.70 0.56 4.96 3.99 2.61 2.23
Non-paretic ankle eversion 3.219 0.004 0.003 0.67 0.52 6.70 3.50 4.35 3.31

Wilcoxon tests are marked with a letter “w”, the rest complied with normality and t-Student could be applied. Significant results obtained after Holm-Bonferroni (HB) adjustment are highlighted in bold.

Significant changes with statistical power >80%.

Mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) were included.