Table 2.
Characteristics of COVID-19 patients by severity status.
| Category | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 509) | Uncomplicated illness to mild COVID-19 (n = 225) | Moderate to severe COVID-19 (n = 205) | Critical COVID-19 (n = 79) | p-value† | |
| Sample size, N | |||||
| Sex | 0.316 | ||||
| Women | 269 (52.8) | 119 (52.9) | 114 (55.6) | 36 (45.6) | |
| Men | 240 (47.2) | 106 (47.1) | 91 (44.4) | 43 (54.4) | |
| Age, years | 52.17 ± 16.57 | 44.26 ± 14.20 | 55.66 ± 15.42 | 65.63 ± 13.85 | 0.000* |
| Weight (kg) | 66.57 ± 13.79 | 65.97 ± 14.39 | 66.27 ± 11.89 | 69.60 ± 16.38 | 0.169 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.73 ± 4.26 | 24.16 ± 4.28 | 24.90 ± 3.52 | 26.31 ± 5.62 | 0.002* |
| CCI | 1.28 ± 1.35 | 0.80 ± 1.23 | 1.48 ± 1.30 | 2.15 ± 1.28 | 0.000* |
| CCI = 0 | 213 (41.8) | 137 (60.9) | 64 (31.2) | 12 (15.2) | 0.000* |
| 1 ≤ CCI ≤ 2 | 189 (31.7) | 61 (27.1) | 96 (46.8) | 32 (40.5) | |
| CCI ≥ 3 | 107 (26.5) | 27 (12.0) | 45 (22.0) | 35 (44.3) | |
| Self-reported diets | 0.374 | ||||
| Non-vegetarian | 487 (95.7) | 214 (95.1) | 195 (95.1) | 78(98.7) | |
| Vegetarian | 22 (4.3) | 11 (4.9) | 10 (4.9) | 1 (1.3) | |
| Diet type | 0.062 | ||||
| Non-vegetarian | 487 (95.7) | 214 (95.1) | 195 (95.1) | 78 (98.7) | |
| Vegan | 6 (1.2) | 1 (0.4) | 5 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Ovo-lacto vegetarian | 13 (2.6) | 10 (4.4) | 3 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Lacto-vegetarian | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Ovo-vegetarian | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.3) | |
| Pescatarian | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
†
p-value comparing critical or moderate to severe cases with uncomplicated or mild severity cases. CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.
*
p < 0.05.