Table 2.
Wireless communication technology comparison with example.
| Wireless Technology | WiFi | WiMAX | ZigBee | Cellular | Bluetooth | LoRa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wireless network | WLAN | WMAN | WPAN | WWAN | PAN | LPWAN |
| Standard | 802.11 * | 802.16 * | 802.15.4 * | 2/3/4 G | 802.15.1 * | LoRaWAN |
| Operating Frequency (Hz ) | 5–60 G | 2–6 G | 868/919 M | 2.4 G, 865 M | 2.4 G | 433/868/900 M |
| Data Rate (bps ) | 1 M–6.75 G | 1 M–1 G | 40–250 K | 50 K–1 G | 1–24 M | 0.3–50 K |
| Transmission Range | 20–100 m | <50 km | 10–20 m | Entire cellular | 8–10 m | <50 km |
| Power Consumption | High | Medium | Low | Medium | Medium | Very low |
| Cost | High | High | Low | Medium | Low | High |
| Operating Life | Years | Hours | Up to 2 years | Hours | Hours | 10–20 Years |
| Noise Resistance | Low | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low | High |
| References | [58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70] | [71,72] | [62,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83] | [84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94] | [95,96,97,98,99] | [100,101,102,103,104,105,106] |
*: IEEE