Figure 1.

TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation and GLS1 expression is attenuated by CB-839. (A–F) Rat cardiac fibroblasts were treated for 24 h with vehicle (V) or 10 ng/mL TGFβ₁, with or without GLS1 inhibitor CB-839 (CB, 0.3 μM), then assayed for expression of periostin (Postn) mRNA by qPCR (A), secretion of Postn (B), development of stress fibers (C), proliferation (D), and expression of GLS1 (E) and Acot2 mRNA by qPCR (F). In a similar experiment, protein expression of GLS1 and aldolase C (ALDOC) was assessed by Western blot (G). Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test (n = 3–4) (A,B,E–G), or by the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test (D, n = 16–18; ALDOC in G, n = 4); images in (C) are representative of four independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 versus vehicle; # p < 0.05, #### p < 0.0001 versus TGFβ. Scale bar in (C), 50 μm.