Table 2.

Studies related to the use of herbal medicine for pulp and dentin repair.

Herbal Material	Characteristics	Reference
Propolis	➢Aids in the formation of hard tissue bridges ➢Ability to stimulate multiple enzyme systems, circulation, cell metabolism, and collagen formation	[22,23]
Baicalin	➢Acceptable and effective pulp agent ➢It has a tremendous clinical pledge in the treatment of acute deep caries ➢Effects better than Ca (OH)2 with direct pulp capping	[24,25]
Acemannan	➢Vital pulp therapy in primary teeth ➢Ability to form reparative dentin ➢Suitable for direct pulp capping	[26]
Galla Chinensis Extract	➢Promising direct pulp capping material ➢Less biological pulp response in comparison to MTA	[27]
Nigella stevia	➢Pulp capping agent for deciduous teeth ➢It has an anti-inflammatory effect ➢It retains pulpal vitality after application	[28]
Genipin	➢Genipin-enhanced alkaline phosphatase action ➢Odontogenic marker expression and mineralized nodulation help trigger human dental pulp cells odontogenic differentiation.	[29]
Green Tea Polyphenols	➢Tooth decay-causing bacterial growth and occurrence are inhibited. ➢Contains fluoride(natural), which may aid in the prevention of dental caries	[30,31]