Table 1.
COVID-19 clinical profiles, bacterial co-infection, and patient demographics and outcomes in Ha’il, KSA.
| Medical Ward | Bacterial Clinical Isolates (n = 129) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
K. pneumoniae (n = 48) |
A. baumannii (n = 34) |
E. coli (n = 24) |
P. aeruginosa (n = 11) |
Other Species (n = 12) |
||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| ICU = Intensive Care Unit COVID = COVID-19 wards Overall isolates (n = 129) |
48 Urine (11) Sputum (11) Blood (15) Wound/pus (8) Other (3) |
37 | 34 sputum (13) blood (16), wound/pus (4) |
26 | 24 Urine (16), Blood (3) Sputum (1) Wound (3) Screen(1) |
18.6 | 11 Sputum (5) Swab/wound/pus (6) |
8.5 | 12 Urine (4) Blood (1) Sputum (2) Wound (4) Pleural effusion (1) |
9.3 |
| MDR, XDR, PDR a | MDR | XDR | MDR | XDR | ||||||
| COVID-19 deaths in co-infected patients | 29% (n = 14) | 33% (n = 11) | 12.5% (n = 3) | 9% (n = 1) | ||||||
| Number and types of oxygen support recorded for each specific bacterial co-infection (same patients often received different supports) | ||||||||||
| # Intubations recorded | 52% (n = 25) b | 29% (n = 10) | 12.5% (n = 3) c | 18% (n = 2) d | ||||||
| Liters oxygen (>4 L) | 31% (n = 15) b | 29% (n = 10) | 12.5% (n = 3) c | 18% (n = 2) d | ||||||
| Ventilations recorded | 33% (n = 16) b | 29% (n = 10) | 12.5% (n = 3) c | 18% (n = 2) d | ||||||
| No breathing assistance | 10 (21%) | 26% (n = 9) | 87.5% (n = 21) | 82% (n = 9) | ||||||
| LALC e | <5 | <5 | <5 | ~6–8 | ||||||
| Age b in overall bacterial infections Ages affected in the four specific bacterial co-infections | ||||||||||
| Young (1–20 years) overall 3% (n = 4) | 6.25% (n = 3) | 0 | 4% (n = 1) | 0 | ||||||
| Adults (21–49 years) oveeall 25.6% (n = 33) |
27% (n = 13) | 26.5% (n = 9) | 25% (n = 6) | 18% (n = 2) | ||||||
| Seniors (>50 years) 71% (n = 92) | 64.6% (n = 31) | 73.5% (n = 25) | 71% (n = 17) | 82% (n = 9) | ||||||
| Overall Intubation rate | Yes, in 35% overall, most had K. pneumoniae and did not survive | |||||||||
| Overall Infiltration CXR | Yes, in almost all | |||||||||
a Standard classification as: MDR, multidrug-resistant; XDR, extremely drug-resistant; PDR, pan-drug-resistant. For K. pneumoniae (14 patients) and A. baumanii (11 patients), patients received all types of supports. b Age specific infections were same in both genders. c,d For E. coli and P.aeroginosa, the same patients received all supportive therapies. e LALC = Lowest absolute lymphocyte count.