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. 2022 May 5;23(9):5177. doi: 10.3390/ijms23095177

Table 6.

Hydroxycinnamic acids: Table showing the experimental method (type of nerve injury and animal model), the dose, and method of administration of curcumin and ferulic acid. PLLA—poly-L-lactic acid; PEG—polyethylene glycol. Included references are listed ascending in accordance to their publication date.

Curcumin
Ref. Type of Nerve Lesion and Animal Model Type of Administration/Experimental Groups
Jahromi et al., 2019 [108] Sciatic nerve injury, 10 mm gap repaired PLLA tube filled with curcumin encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles; adult male Wistar rats
  • -

    Control without any lesion or treatment;

  • -

    8 mm nerve autograft;

  • -

    10 mm nerve gap without any following treatment;

  • -

    10 mm nerve gap repaired by PLLA conduit + fibrin gel;

  • -

    10 mm nerve gap repaired by PLLA conduit + Schwann cells;

  • -

    10 mm nerve gap repaired by PLLA conduit + nanocurcumin;

  • -

    10 mm nerve gap repaired by PLLA conduit + Schwann cells and nanocurcumin.

Samples were harvested 12 weeks after surgery.
Kasmaie et al., 2019 [107] Sciatic nerve crush injury; male Wistar rats
  • -

    Sham (control);

  • -

    Curcumin during dark period (D Cur);

  • -

    Vehicle (DMSO);

  • -

    Curcumin during light period (L Cur);

  • -

    Melatonin during light period (L Mel);

  • -

    Crush injury without any treatment;

  • -

    Melatonin during dark period (D Mel).

Curcumin (100 mg/kg) and melatonin (10 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally for 4 weeks after surgery over two periods of light (9:00 a.m.) and dark (9:00 p.m.).
Caillaud et al., 2018 [106] Sciatic nerve crush injury; male Sprague Dawley
rats
  • -

    Sham group;

  • -

    Saline;

  • -

    Vehicle (PEG-300);

  • -

    Curcumin.

Curcumin was solubilized in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 300 at a concentration of 35 mg/mL. Local administration though a mini-osmotic pump. Continuous delivery of curcumin at a dose of 0.2 mg/day for 4 weeks.
Moattari et al., 2018 [104] End-to-end repair on sciatic nerve; adult male Wistar rats
  • -

    End-to-end repair;

  • -

    End-to-end repair + curcumin 100 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally administrated daily for 4 weeks after surgery;

  • -

    End-to-end repair + membrane around the injured nerve;

  • -

    End-to-end repair + membrane + curcumin 100 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneally administrated daily for 4 weeks after surgery.

Samples were harvested 8 weeks after surgery.
Sang et al., 2018 [105] Sciatic nerve crush injury; male Sprague Dawley rats
  • -

    Curcumin;

  • -

    Curcumin + LY294002;

  • -

    Curcumin + NGFshRNA;

  • -

    Negative controls.

Samples were harvested 4 weeks after treatment.
Zhao et al., 2017 [103] Sciatic nerve crush injury; Male Sprague Dawley
rats
  • -

    Curcumin;

  • -

    PD98059 (30 mg/kg/day, i.p.) + curcumin;

  • -

    IGF–1 (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.v.) + curcumin;

  • -

    Negative control.

Curcumin was dissolved in DMSO (20 mg/mL) at 100 mg/kg/day and intraperitoneally administrated daily for 60 days.
Ma et al., 2013 [100] Sciatic nerve crush injury; young adult male Sprague Dawley rats
  • -

    50 mg/kg curcumin;

  • -

    100 mg/kg curcumin;

  • -

    300 mg/kg curcumin;

  • -

    100 µg/kg mecobalamin (positive group);

  • -

    Saline (vehicle group).

Curcumin and mecobalamin were dissolved in saline and intraperitoneally administrated daily for 4 weeks starting immediately after nerve injury.
Mohammadi., 2013 [109] Sciatic nerve injury, 10 mm gap repaired with a silicone tube; male Wistar rats Silicone tube filled with 10 µL curcumin (5 mg/mL) dissolved in olive oil.
Noorafshan et al., 2011 [102] A 30 s crush injury induced by a serrated hemostat; adult female Sprague Dawley rats
  • -

    Control animals received daily gavage of vehicle (olive oil);

  • -

    Sham-operated rats (daily gavage of the vehicle);

  • -

    Nerve crush, treated with the vehicle;

  • -

    Nerve crush, treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg/day) dissolved in olive oil.

Samples were harvested 28 days after injury.
Ferulic acid
Zhu et al., 2016 [110] Sciatic nerve crush injury;
Sprague Dawley rats
  • -

    Ferulic acid 50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection daily for 7 days after the injury;

  • -

    Saline (PBS) injection at the same time points.
Lee et al., 2013 [111] 15 mm sciatic nerve gap repaired with silicone rubber tube filled with ferulic acid; adult Sprague Dawley rats
  • -

    Saline (controls);

  • -

    5 μg/mL ferulic acid;

  • -

    25 μg/mL ferulic acid.