Table 3.

Latent variables and items used in the study

Latent variable	Item label	Items
IMOC	IMOC1	Employees have the opportunity to discuss their needs with management.
	IMOC2	Training is seen in the context of individual needs.
	IMOC3	Management spends time talking to their employees when needed.
	IMOC4	Management wants employees to enjoy their work.
	IMOC5	Management shows a sincere interest in any problems faced by employees.
	IMOC6	Management understands that personal problems may affect my performance.
	IMOC7	The division’s policies help meet employees’ individual needs.
	IMOC8	Management meets regularly to discuss issues related to employees’ challenges.
SA	SA1	My leader gives me authority over issues within my area.
	SA2	My leader listens to me.
	SA3	My leader encourages me to take the initiative.
	SA4	My leader is concerned that I shall work goal oriented.
	SA5	My leader instills motivation.
OA	OA1	(Hospital name) is attractive for me as a place of employment.
	OA2	I would recommend (hospital name) as an employer to my friends.
IIB	IIB1	Create new ideas to solve problems in my job.
	IIB2	Search out new working methods or techniques to complete my work.
	IIB3	Investigate and find ways to implement my ideas.
	IIB4	Promote my ideas so others might use them in their work.
	IIB5	Try out new ideas in my work.

Note: SA Support for Autonomy, IIB Individual Innovative Behavior, OA Organizational Attractiveness, IMOC Internal Market-Oriented Culture