Table 1.
Characteristics of women with and without PCOS.
| Parameters | PCOS; n = 60 | Control Group; n = 15 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years] | 24.0 (21.0; 29.0) | 26.0 (22.0; 39.0) | NS |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 22.7 (19.7; 25.1) | 23.7 (21.1; 25.4) | NS |
| WHR | 0.8 (0.76; 0.85) | 0.8 (0.76; 0.82) | NS |
| Fasting glucose [mg/dL] | 88.0 (84.0; 90.0) | 84.1 (81.0; 88.9) | NS |
| Glucose after OGTT [mg/dL] | 98.5 (86.0; 115.0) | not assayed | N/A |
| Fasting insulin [mU/mL] | 6.0 (3.6; 8.9) | 6.4 (5.2; 9.0) | NS |
| Insulin after OGTT [mU/mL] | 27.4 (17.8; 47.7) | not assayed | N/A |
| HOMA-IR | 1.3 (0.8; 1.9) | 1.3 (1.1; 2.0) | NS |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 167.5 (148.0; 190.0) | 179.0 (167.0; 207.0) | NS |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 92.0 (78.0; 113.0) | 107.0 (84.0; 127.0) | NS |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 55.0 (46.0; 65.0) | 58.0 (54.0; 74.0) | NS |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 73.5 (59.5; 118.0) | 84.0 (62.0; 122.0) | NS |
| SOD1 activity [U/L] | 5.1 (4.5; 6.0) | 9.1 (5.5; 9.9) | <0.001 |
| Zn [µg/L] | 857.0 (755.6; 931.5) | 946.3 (877.7; 1066.3) | <0.001 |
| Cu [µg/L] | 848.6 (746.9; 1009.8) | 1195.2 (1164.1; 1336.4) | <0.001 |
| Cu/Zn ratio | 1.0 (0.9; 1.1) | 1.3 (1.1; 1.4) | <0.001 |
Legend: Values shown as median (1st quartile, 3rd quartile); PCOS—polycystic ovary syndrome; BMI—body mass index, WHR—waist-to-hip ratio, OGTT—oral glucose tolerance test; HOMA-IR—homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; LDL-C—low-density lipoprotein; HDL-C—high-density lipoprotein; SOD—superoxide dismutase; Zn—zinc; Cu—copper; N/A—not applicable; NS—not significant.