Figure 8.

Respiratory rate (f_R) before and after administration of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and/or placebo. Time points (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) present values after completion of IV application of DEX or placebo. Levobupivacaine was used for both infraorbital and inferior alveolar blocks. Values are expressed as median and IQR. B, baseline value, prior to administration of oral blocks; BL, immediately after administration of oral blocks; f_R, respiratory rate; IV1, after one min/completion of IV application of DEX or placebo; IV2, after two min/completion of IV application of DEX or placebo; LB + DEX IA, dogs (n = 10) which received levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine perineurally into the submucosa at the opening of the mandibular foramen; LB + DEX IO, dogs (n = 10) which received levobupivacaine and dexmedetomidine perineurally into the infraorbital canal; LB + DEX IV, dogs (n = 10) which received levobupivacaine perineurally and dexmedetomidine IV (positive control); LB + PLC IV, dogs (n = 10) which received levobupivacaine perineurally and placebo IV (negative control). * significant difference (p < 0.05) between the LB + PLC IV and LB + DEX IV groups.