TABLE 3.
Association of protein expression levels and clinicopathological features
| Characteristics | Levels | p53 | bcl2 | PD−1 | PD‐L1 (Tumor) | PD‐L1 (lymphocyte) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low expression | High expression | Low expression | High expression | Low expression | High expression | Low expression | High expression | Low expression | High expression | ||
| Demographic data | |||||||||||
| Age, years | <55 y | 7 (53.8) | 38 (74.5) | 27 (77.1) | 18 (62.1) | 10 (83.3) | 35 (67.3) | 37 (80.4) | 8 (44.4)** | 23 (69.7) | 22 (71) |
| ≥55 y | 6 (46.2) | 13 (25.5) | 8 (22.9) | 11 (37.9) | 2 (16.7) | 17 (32.7) | 9 (19.6) | 10 (55.6) | 10 (30.3) | 9 (29) | |
| Sex | Male | 6 (46.2) | 8 (15.7)* | 7 (20) | 7 (24.1) | 1 (8.3) | 13 (25) | 6 (13) | 8 (44.4)* | 8 (24.2) | 6 (19.4) |
| Female | 7 (53.8) | 43 (84.3) | 28 (80) | 22 (75.9) | 11 (91.7) | 39 (75) | 40 (87) | 10 (55.6) | 25 (75.8) | 25 (80.6) | |
| Pathological assessment | |||||||||||
| Laterality | Unilateral | 7 (53.8) | 40 (78.4) | 25 (71.4) | 22 (75.9) | 9 (75) | 38 (73.1) | 33 (71.7) | 14 (77.8) | 24 (72.7) | 23 (74.2) |
| Bilateral | 6 (46.2) | 11 (21.6) | 10 (28.6) | 7 (24.1) | 3 (25) | 14 (26.9) | 13 (28.3) | 4 (22.2) | 9 (27.3) | 8 (25.8) | |
| Histological variant | Classical | 8 (61.5) | 24 (47.1) | 22 (62.9) | 10 (34.5) * | 3 (25) | 29 (55.8) | 24 (52.2) | 8 (44.4) | 15 (45.5) | 17 (54.8) |
| Follicular | 3 (23.1) | 21 (41.2) | 7 (20) | 17 (58.6) | 6 (50) | 18 (34.6) | 15 (32.6) | 9 (50) | 15 (45.5) | 9 (29) | |
| Oncocytic | 0 (0) | 2 (3.9) | 1 (2.9) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Tall cell | 2 (15.4) | 4 (7.8) | 5 (14.3) | 1 (3.4) | 2 (16.7) | 4 (7.7) | 5 (10.9) | 1 (5.6) | 2 (6.1) | 4 (12.9) | |
| Pathology Stage | Stage I/II | 9 (69.2) | 44 (86.3) | 31 (88.6) | 22 (75.9) | 12 (100) | 41 (78.8) | 41 (89.1) | 12 (66.7) | 24 (72.7) | 29 (93.5) |
| Stage IVB | 4 (30.8) | 7 (13.7) | 4 (11.4) | 7 (24.1) | 0 (0) | 11 (21.2) | 5 (10.9) | 6 (33.3) | 9 (27.3) | 2 (6.5) | |
| Tumor size | T1/2 | 9 (69.2) | 30 (58.8) | 27 (77.1) | 12 (41.4)** | 9 (75) | 30 (57.7) | 34 (73.9) | 5 (27.8)** | 24 (72.7) | 29 (93.5) |
| T3 | 4 (30.8) | 21 (41.2) | 8 (22.9) | 17 (58.6) | 3 (25) | 22 (42.3) | 12 (26.1) | 13 (72.2) | 9 (27.3) | 2 (6.5) | |
| LN metastasis | Positive | 7 (53.8) | 28 (54.9) | 16 (45.7) | 19 (65.5) | 2 (16.7) | 33 (63.5)** | 26 (56.5) | 9 (50) | 17 (51.5) | 18 (58.1) |
| Distant metastasis | Positive | 4 (30.8) | 7 (13.7) | 4 (11.4) | 7 (24.1) | 0 (0) | 11 (21.2) | 5 (10.9) | 6 (33.3) | 9 (27.3) | 2 (6.5) |
| Focality | Multifocal | 8 (61.5) | 16 (31.4) | 14 (40) | 10 (34.5) | 6 (50) | 18 (34.6) | 20 (43.5) | 4 (22.2) | 9 (27.3) | 15 (48.4) |
| ETE | Positive | 3 (23.1) | 8 (15.7) | 6 (17.1) | 5 (17.2) | 0 (0) | 11 (21.2) | 9 (19.6) | 2 (11.1) | 3 (9.1) | 8 (25.8) |
| LVI | Positive | 3 (23.1) | 6 (11.8) | 2 (5.7) | 7 (24.1) | 0 (0) | 9 (17.3) | 1 (2.2) | 8 (44.4)*** | 6 (18.2) | 3 (9.7) |
| BRAFV600E | Mutant | 6 (46.2) | 22 (43.1) | 18 (51.4) | 10 (34.5) | 3 (25) | 25 (48.1) | 20 (43.5) | 8 (44.4) | 17 (51.5) | 11 (35.5) |
| HCV Ab | Positive | 4 (30.8) | 17 (33.3) | 19 (54.3) | 2 (6.9)* | 5 (41.7) | 16 (30.8) | 18 (39.1) | 3 (16.7) | 10 (30.3) | 11 (35.5) |
| Follow‐up | |||||||||||
| Progression | Positive | 7 (53.8) | 22 (43.1) | 17 (48.6) | 12 (41.4) | 6 (50) | 23 (44.2) | 21 (45.7) | 8 (44.4) | 12 (36.4) | 17 (54.8) |
| Mortality | Died | 7 (53.8) | 4 (7.8)** | 7 (20) | 4 (13.8) | 3 (25) | 8 (15.4) | 4 (8.7) | 7 (38.9)** | 7 (21.2) | 4 (12.9) |
Data are represented as frequency (percentage).
Abbreviations: LN, lymph node; ETE, Extrathyroidal extension; LVI, Lymphovascular invasion; HCV Ab, hepatitis C virus antibody.
Progression: included recurrence, relapse, and distant metastasis. A two‐sided Chi‐square test was used. Statistical significance of bold values was set at p‐value <0.05. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.