Table 7.
Laboratory markers of the different subgroups measured during nutritional therapy.
| EN | EN-IMN | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum protein | ||||
| Albumin (mg·dL−1) |
Day 1 | 30.37 ± 6.08 | 33.57 ± 7.18 | 0.002 |
| Day 3 | 28.17 ± 5.39 | 29.12 ± 5.70 | 0.35 | |
| Day 7 | 27.78 ± 5.83 | 28.04 ± 5.35 | 0.81 | |
| ICU discharge | 29.88 ± 6.09 | 29.73 ± 5.66 | 0.88 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | −3.85 ± 5.83 | −4.48 ± 6.17 | 0.001 | |
| Prealbumin (mg·L−1) |
Day 1 | 153.28 ± 81.05 | 178.77 ± 50.14 | 0.04 |
| Day 3 | 150.43 ± 80.31 | 150.28 ± 56.90 | 0.99 | |
| Day 7 | 213.14 ± 110.06 | 201.78 ± 92.87 | 0.68 | |
| ICU discharge | 216.28 ± 92.82 | 207.64 ± 102.97 | 0.75 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | 59.47 ± 101.54 | 31.27 ± 97.55 | 0.38 | |
| Total Protein (g·dL−1) |
Day 1 | 5.72 ± 0.87 | 5.96 ± 0.96 | 0.12 |
| Day 3 | 5.29 ± 0.75 | 5.47 ± 0.81 | 0.25 | |
| Day 7 | 5.37 ± 0.76 | 5.35 ± 0.91 | 0.91 | |
| ICU discharge | 5.81 ± 0.97 | 6.13 ± 0.81 | 0.04 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | 0.29 ± 1.12 | 0.78 ± 0.92 | 0.27 | |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| Total Cholesterol (mg·dL−1) |
Day 1 | 132 ± 39 | 136 ± 41 | 0.58 |
| Day 3 | 128 ± 42 | 132 ± 32 | 0.63 | |
| Day 7 | 143 ± 41 | 127 ± 36 | 0.16 | |
| ICU discharge | 156 ± 49 | 144 ± 45 | 0.35 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | 21 ± 52 | 7.9 ± 30 | 0.17 | |
| HDL (mg·dL−1) |
Day 1 | 38.1 ± 18.9 | 38.1 ± 15.1 | 0.98 |
| Day 3 | 60.9 ± 26.2 | 77.1 ± 13.6 | 0.50 | |
| Day 7 | 33.9 ± 19.7 | 25.9 ± 11.2 | 0.18 | |
| ICU discharge | 34.03 ± 17.2 | 31.5 ± 7 | 0.59 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | −2.8 ± 6.8 | 1.5 ± 8.9 | 0.26 | |
| LDL (mg·dL−1) |
Day 1 | 65.8 ± 31.4 | 75.9 ± 32.9 | 0.16 |
| Day 3 | 158.9 ± 25.7 | 246.1 ± 43.7 | 0.37 | |
| Day 7 | 84.3 ± 49.4 | 69.4 ± 25.1 | 0.35 | |
| ICU discharge | 91.4 ± 39.6 | 87.7 ± 44.3 | 0.75 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | 25.7 ± 13.5 | 2.5 ± 23.5 | 0.03 | |
| Triglycerides (mg·dL−1) |
Day 1 | 135 ± 73 | 128 ± 69 | 0.61 |
| Day 3 | 156 ± 99 | 133 ± 47 | 0.08 | |
| Day 7 | 168 ± 104 | 160 ± 107 | 0.77 | |
| ICU discharge | 160 ± 89 | 136 ± 64 | 0.20 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | 26 ± 106 | −10 ± 39 | 0.02 | |
| Inflammatory markers | ||||
| CRP (mg·L−1) |
Day 1 | 26.65 ± 45.89 | 54.82 ± 76.97 | 0.07 |
| Day 3 | 77.34 ± 106.35 | 91.55 ± 148.97 | 0.54 | |
| Day 7 | 95.51 ± 120.77 | 67.96 ± 125.95 | 0.17 | |
| ICU discharge | 58.11 ± 77.22 | 77.30 ± 62.61 | 0.25 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | −64.41 ± 140.70 | −17.12 ± 91.08 | 0.11 | |
| Leukocytes (×109·L−1) |
Day 1 | 14.69 ± 6.27 | 13.84 ± 5.29 | 0.18 |
| Day 3 | 10.61 ± 5.28 | 9.54 ± 4.46 | 0.04 | |
| Day 7 | 8.8 ± 6.12 | 10.1 ± 5.65 | 0.18 | |
| ICU discharge | 11.15 ± 5.59 | 9.72 ± 3.26 | 0.11 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | −2.5 ± 7.3 | −2.7 ± 5.5 | 0.84 | |
| Lymphocytes (×109·L−1) |
Day 1 | 1.77 ± 1.42 | 1.69 ± 0.92 | 0.58 |
| Day 3 | 1.59 ± 1.66 | 1.09 ± 0.76 | 0.37 | |
| Day 7 | 0.92 ± 0.6 | 1.22 ± 0.84 | 0.30 | |
| ICU discharge | 1.56 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 0.65 | 0.15 | |
| Δ (day 1-ICU discharge) | 0.096 ± 1.49 | −0.003 ± 1.10 | 0.63 | |
EN: Enteral Nutrition Formula; EN-IMN: Immunonutrition Formula; HDL: High-Density Lipoprotein; LDL: Low-Density Lipoprotein; CRP: C-Reactive protein; Δ: delta. p-Values that are statistically significant are written in bold.