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. 2022 Apr 29;13:857400. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857400

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Copyright © 2022 Ghimire, Ederer, Meedt, Weber, Matos, Hiergeist, Zeman, Wolff, Edinger, Poeck, Herr, Gessner, Holler and Bülow

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Graphical Abstract — After allogeneic SCT, IL-22 producing T cells and ILCs infiltrate into the mucosa of the adult GI-tract. Optimal IL-22 induction is influenced by intact microbiota via short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) stimulating the G-protein coupled receptors GPR41 and GPR43. In contrast, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics abrogates IL-22 expression by suppression of commensal bacteria and impairment of the consecutive SCFA-GPR axis. During GvHD, upregulation of IL-22 favors survival whereas IL-22 deficiency associates with increased TRM.