Table 2.
Comparison of early postoperative complications with propofol- and sevoflurane-based anesthesia before and after propensity score matching.
| Overall Patients | After Matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Propofol | Sevoflurane | p | Propofol | Sevoflurane | p | |
| (n = 719) | (n = 1852) | (n = 717) | (n = 1410) | |||
| Morbidity | 93 (12.9) | 218 (11.8) | 0.42 | 93 (13.0) | 162 (11.5) | 0.34 |
| CD classification > grade III | 15 (2.1) | 42 (2.3) | 0.88 | 15 (2.1) | 28 (2.0) | 0.84 |
| Wound problems | 6 (0.8) | 16 (0.9) | 1.0 | 6 (0.8) | 11 (0.8) | 0.87 |
| Ileus | 24 (3.3) | 51 (2.8) | 0.44 | 34 (3.4) | 37 (2.6) | 0.32 |
| Anastomasis leakage | 7 (1.0) | 15 (0.8) | 0.64 | 7 (1.0) | 8 (0.6) | 0.30 |
| Intrabdominal fluid collection | 1 (0.1) | 12 (0.7) | 0.13 | 1 (0.1) | 12 (0.9) | 0.002 |
| Re-operation | 4 (0.6) | 6 (0.3) | 0.48 | 4 (0.6) | 3 (0.2) | 0.20 |
| Sepsis | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0.28 | 1 (0.1) | 0 | <0.001 |
| Myocardiac infarction | 1 (0.1) | 5 (0.3) | 1.0 | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 0.70 |
| Pulmonary complication | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0.19 | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0.22 |
| Cerebral infarction | 0 | 2 (0.1) | 1.0 | 0 | 2 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Vascular complication | 0 | 4 (0.2) | 0.58 | 0 | 2 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Urinary retention | 35 (4.9) | 48 (2.6) | 0.006 | 35 (4.9) | 36 (2.6) | 0.008 |
Values are expressed as number (%). In overall patients, the outcomes were compared with Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. In the propensity matched cohort, the risks of each outcome were compared with logistic regression using generalized estimating equations. Morbidity means the incidence of any complication. The Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification issued to evaluate the severity of surgical complications.; Grade III-V indicates major complications. The definition of complications was as follows: wound problem; occurrence of infection involving the skin or subcutaneous tissue and requiring surgical re-intervention, ileus; symptomatic and diagnosed by radiographic findings, anastomosis site leakage; diagnosed by radiographic findings, Intraabdominal fluid collection; diagnosed by radiographic findings, sepsis; despite adequate fluid resuscitation, patients have hypotension requiring vasopressors to maintain a mean arterial blood pressure above 65 mm Hg and have an elevated serum lactate concentration of more than 2 mmol/L resulting from dysregulated host responses to infection, myocardiac infarction; detection of a rise cardiac troponin values with symptoms, pulmonary complication; requiring treatment with antibiotics for a suspected respiratory infection or management by respiratory care physiotherapists for lung care, cerebral infarction; diagnosed by imagining findings, vascular complication; diagnosed by imagining findings, urinary retention; need for in-and-out catheterization or reinsertion of an indwelling urinary catheter during the hospital stay after the original urinary catheter had been removed.