Characterization of CIPCOs. CIPCO analysis was performed on day 5. (A) Immunofluorescence images of human pancreatic cancer cells, CAFs, PCOs, and CIPCOs labeled with CK19, vimentin, IL-6, α-SMA, and MHC II. Bar = 100 μm. (B) Quantitative analysis of iCAFs and myoCAFs in PCOs, CAFs, CIPCOs, and human pancreatic cancer tissue. (n = 5) * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001. (C) Immunohistochemical images of PCO and CIPCO models labeled with E-cadherin, CK19, and vimentin. Bar = 100 μm. (D) Immunofluorescence images of PCO and CIPCO models labeled with E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Bar = 100 μm. (E) qRT-PCR analysis of cancer cells from CIPCOs after treatment with 100 μM of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). (n = 8) * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.