| CAF | cancer-associated fibroblast |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| TME | tumor microenvironment |
| PCO | pancreatic cancer organoid |
| CIPCO | CAF-integrated pancreatic cancer organoid |
| ATRA | all-trans retinoic acid |
| EMT | epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| PI | propidium iodide |