Table 2.
Modulation of expression of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation (APP) MHC class I and II pathways and autophagy during infection of teleost fish species by bacteria or eukaryote parasites.
| Pathogen 1 | Host Species | MHC I 2 APP | MHC II 2 APP | Autophagy 2 | Organ or Cell | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piscirickettsia salmonis | Salmo salar | +/(=) | n.d. | n.d. | Heart, spleen, head-kidney, liver and gill. | [114] |
| Vibrio anguillarum | Sebastes schlegelii | + | n.d. | − | Lymphocytes from peripheral blood, head-kidney and spleen. | [120] |
| Sparus aurata | n.d. | + | n.d. | Head-kidney leucocytes. | [53] | |
| Cynoglossus semilaevis | n.d. | + | n.d. | Kidney and liver. | [61] | |
| Miichthys miiuy | n.d. | + | n.d. | Liver, spleen and kidney. | [64] | |
| Paralichthys olivaceus | + | n.d. | n.d. | Head-kidney, spleen and liver. | [115] | |
| Yersinia ruckeri | Oncorhynchus mykiss | n.d. | + | n.d. | Head-kidney and spleen. | [121] |
| Edwarsiella ictaluri | Ictalurus furcatus | + | n.d. | n.d. | Liver. | [119] |
| Ictalurus punctatus | n.d. | + | n.d. | Skin, gill and intestine. | [65] | |
| Edwardsiella tarda | Paralichthys olivaceus | + | n.d. | n.d. | Head-kidney, spleen and liver. | [115] |
| Trachinotus ovatus | n.d. | + | n.d. | Liver, spleen and head-kidney. | [66] | |
| Citrobacter freundii | Danio rerio | + | − | + | Skin. | [122] |
| Streptococcus agalactiae 3 | Danio rerio | − | − | n.d. | Intestine and skin. | [123] |
| Staphylococcus aureus 3 | Danio rerio | n.d. | n.d. | + | Macrophages and neutrophils. | [98,103] |
| Salmonella typhimurium 3 | Danio rerio | n.d. | n.d. | + | Macrophages and neutrophils. | [98] |
| n.d. | n.d. | +/− | Macrophages and larvae. | [102,124] | ||
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | Sparus aurata | n.d. | + | n.d. | Head-kidney leucocytes. | [53] |
| Enteromyxum scophthalmi | Scophthalmus maximus | − | n.d. | n.d. | Blood. | [72] |
| Neoparamoeba perurans | Salmo salar | − | n.d. | n.d. | Gills. | [125] |
| Lepeophtheirus salmonis | Salmo salar | − | − | n.d. | Skin and head-kidney. | [126] |
| Gyrodactylus bullatarudis | Poecilia reticulata | + | = | n.d. | Skin. | [127] |
| Cryptocaryon irritans | Epinephelus coioides | + | + | n.d. | Skin. | [80] |
| Sparus aurata | n.d. | −/= | n.d. | Gills and head-kidney. | [128] |
1 Prokaryote bacteria or eukaryote parasites separated by line; 2 Expression of genes related to APP MHC class I pathways, APP MHC class II pathways or autophagy were (+) upregulated, (−) downregulated, (=) not modulated or (n.d.) not determined. 3 Human pathogen studied in zebrafish infection model.