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. 2022 May 9;23(9):5259. doi: 10.3390/ijms23095259

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effect of the overexpression of FXR on angiogenesis. (A) The human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with an FXR overexpression (72 h) conditioned medium (CM) and control CM of bladder cancer cells for 6 h. The formation of endothelial cell networks was observed and the number of branch points and tube length in the TSGH8301 and T24 CM were analyzed. The bar graphs show the quantitative results of relative branch points and tube lengths. Scale bar = 200 μm. (B) The concentration levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the CM of TSGH8301 and T24 cells were analyzed by ELISA. (C) RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression of VEGF after FXR overexpression in TSGH8301 and T24 cells. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 compared with the control group.