Table 2.
The dietary and anthropometric variables at the beginning and end of the supplementation, and placebo periods.
| SAx (n = 67) |
Placebo (n = 67) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy | (kcal/day) | Start | 1923 ± 513.6 | 1864 ± 471.9 |
| End | 1891 ± 549.4 | 1881 ± 569.5 | ||
| Change | −31.88 ± 463.2 | 17.07 ± 355.5 | ||
| Carbohydrates | (%) | Start | 38.06 ± 6.5 | 38.46 ± 8.9 |
| End | 37.62 ± 6.3 | 39.06 ± 6.5 | ||
| Change | −0.439 ± 5.7 | 0.598 ± 8.1 | ||
| Proteins | (%) | Start | 17.24 ± 3.7 | 17.44 ± 2.9 |
| End | 17.43 ± 3.6 | 17.60 ± 3.1 | ||
| Change | 0.193 ± 4.4 | 0.164 ± 3.5 | ||
| Lipids | (%) | Start | 41.42 ± 6.3 | 40.48 ± 8.8 |
| End | 41.36 ± 5.7 | 40.19 ± 5.9 | ||
| Change | −0.067 ± 5.3 | −0.287 ± 8.0 | ||
| SFA | (%) | Start | 12.33 ± 2.9 | 12.46 ± 4.0 |
| End | 12.38 ± 2.8 | 12.03 ± 2.9 | ||
| Change | 0.049 ± 2.7 | −0.433 ± 4.2 | ||
| MUFA | (%) | Start | 19.10 ± 3.6 | 18.82 ± 4.9 |
| End | 19.56 ± 4.0 | 19.29 ± 3.5 | ||
| Change | 0.453 ± 3.8 | 0.470 ± 4.2 | ||
| PUFA | (%) | Start | 6.45 ± 2.3 | 5.60 ± 1.6 |
| End | 5.98 ± 1.7 | 5.46 ± 1.8 | ||
| Change | −0.470 ± 2.4 | −0.134 ± 1.4 | ||
| Total Cholesterol | (mg/dL) | Start | 350.5 ± 172.8 | 303.9 ± 150.4 |
| End | 328.1 ± 133.8 | 323.0 ± 115.9 | ||
| Change | −22.35 ± 210.8 | 19.04 ± 130.1 | ||
| Fiber | (g/d) | Start | 21.95 ± 7.8 | 21.71 ± 8.0 |
| End | 21.68 ± 8.9 | 20.47 ± 7.3 | ||
| Change | −0.275 ± 8.2 | −1.234 ± 6.5 | ||
| Weight | (kg) | Start | 65.10 ± 11.3 | 65.10 ± 11.2 |
| End | 64.93 ± 11.2 | 64.85 ± 11.3 | ||
| Change | −0.173 ± 1.3 | −0.249 ± 1.0 | ||
| BMI | (kg/m2) | Start | 24.58 ± 3.0 | 24.63 ± 3.0 |
| End | 24.51 ± 3.0 | 24.48 ± 3.0 | ||
| Change | −0.068 ± 0.5 | −0.151 ± 0.6 | ||
| Waist Circumference | (cm) | Start | 81.85 ± 9.0 | 81.24 ± 9.8 |
| End | 81.82 ± 9.6 | 81.25 ± 9.6 | ||
| Change | −0.034 ± 2.9 | 0.008 ± 3.7 | ||
| FM | (%) | Start | 29.16 ± 6.6 | 28.90 ± 6.5 |
| End | 29.56 ± 6.8 | 29.79 ± 7.2 | ||
| Change | 0.400 ± 2.8 | 0.891 ± 3.7 | ||
| FFM | (%) | Start | 70.84 ± 6.6 | 71.10 ± 6.5 |
| End | 70.44 ± 6.8 | 70.21 ± 7.2 | ||
| Change | −0.400 ± 2.8 | −0.891 ± 3.7 | ||
| MM | (%) | Start | 47.63 ± 6.2 | 47.52 ± 6.5 |
| End | 46.67 ± 5.7 | 46.44 ± 5.8 | ||
| Change | −0.970 ± 5.1 | −1.082 ± 5.8 |
Data expressed as means ± standard deviations (SDs). SAx: oral supplementation with hydroxytyrosol (HT) and punicalagin (PC); SFA: saturated fatty acids; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; BMI: body mass index; FM: fat mass; FFM: fat-free mass; and MM: muscle mass. In the present clinical trial, no significant differences were observed between the beginning and end of the different intervention periods or in the changes.