Table 4.
Associations Between Parent-Emerging Adult Texting Frequency and Content Codes with Emerging Adult Perceived Parental Digital Pressure.
| Perceived Parental Digital Pressure | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Mother-Emerging Adult Dyads (N = 215) | Father- Emerging Adult Dyads (N = 182) | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| b | SE | p | β | b | SE | p | β | ||
| Gender (male) | 0.069 | 0.152 | 0.644 | 0.034 | −0.013 | 0.164 | 0.936 | −0.006 | |
| Age | −0.074 | 0.047 | 0.118 | −0.104 | −0.057 | 0.053 | 0.281 | −0.080 | |
| Parent Education | −0.073 | 0.058 | 0.207 | −0.103 | −0.083 | 0.073 | 0.258 | −0.106 | |
| Parent- EA texting frequency | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.035 | 0.194 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.351 | 0.075 | |
|
| |||||||||
| Monitoring | |||||||||
| EA Disclosure | −0.017 | 0.006 | 0.008 | −0.474 | −0.018 | 0.015 | 0.232 | −0.231 | |
| Parent Solicitation | −0.009 | 0.011 | 0.382 | −0.126 | −0.004 | 0.017 | 0.795 | −0.038 | |
| Parent Control | −0.009 | 0.020 | 0.650 | −0.058 | 0.102 | 0.056 | 0.070 | 0.238 | |
| Positive Connection | |||||||||
| EA Warmth | 0.001 | 0.025 | 0.970 | 0.005 | 0.028 | 0.034 | 0.399 | 0.090 | |
| Parent Warmth | <0.001 | 0.013 | 0.988 | −0.002 | 0.029 | 0.025 | 0.239 | 0.123 | |
| EA Gratitude | −0.045 | 0.019 | 0.015 | −0.180 | 0.047 | 0.049 | 0.332 | 0.075 | |
| Parent Gratitude | −0.008 | 0.053 | 0.875 | −0.014 | −0.009 | 0.091 | 0.921 | −0.009 | |
| EA Emotional/Esteem Support Seeking | −0.023 | 0.015 | 0.111 | −0.140 | 0.024 | 0.105 | 0.818 | 0.022 | |
| Parent Emotional/Esteem Support Provision | −0.020 | 0.022 | 0.373 | −0.121 | −0.005 | 0.070 | 0.947 | −0.006 | |
| EA Instrumental Support Seeking | −0.033 | 0.029 | 0.263 | −0.100 | 0.012 | 0.076 | 0.873 | 0.017 | |
| Parent Instrumental Support Provision | −0.026 | 0.023 | 0.270 | −0.111 | −0.038 | 0.066 | 0.565 | −0.076 | |
| EA Advice Seeking | 0.017 | 0.038 | 0.649 | 0.055 | −0.057 | 0.061 | 0.349 | −0.079 | |
| Parent Advice Provision | −0.002 | 0.018 | 0.932 | −0.009 | −0.033 | 0.054 | 0.547 | −0.076 | |
Note. The upper panel includes presents results of the initial structural equation model, which tested associations between parent-EA texting frequency with Perceived Parental Digital Pressure, alongside covariates of gender, age, and parent education (separately for Mother-Emerging Adult and Father-Emerging Adult dyads). The lower panel includes results from subsequent models, which added each PCTIC code to the model (which already included covariates and parent-EA texting frequency) separately. EA= Emerging Adult. Raw regression coefficients (b), standard errors (SE), p values (bolded when p < 0.05), and standardized regression coefficients (β) presented.