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. 2022 Apr 20;11(9):1398. doi: 10.3390/cells11091398

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Study design diagram. (A) Experimental timeline and (B) cartoon figure of running wheel for rat exercise training after SCI. (C) Urodynamic recording (CMG and EMG) in an awake rat. The rat was kept in a customized restrainer. Sterile saline was instilled (0.1 mL/min) into the catheter connected with the bladder, and EUS EMG was recorded simultaneously. Voided saline was collected through the metabolic cage. (D) Pseudorabies virus injected into the EUS and trans-synaptically transported (retrograde) to the brainstem.