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. 2022 Apr 20;14(9):1709. doi: 10.3390/nu14091709

Table 1.

Characteristics and specific dietary intake of the healthy volunteers involved in the 3-day intervention study.

All
(n = 31)
Cluster B1
(n = 16)
Cluster B2
(n = 8)
Cluster B3
(n = 7)
p-Value
Clinical Characteristics
Age (years) 37.9 ± 11.2 35.6 ± 12.7 39.0 ± 8.9 42.0 ± 10.0 0.451
Gender (Female %) 15 (48.39) 8 (50.02) 8 (37.50) 4 (57.14) 0.737
BMI (kg/m2) 23.2 ± 3.3 23.2 ± 3.7 24.4 ± 2.8 21.7 ± 2.3 0.294
MD score 8.6 ± 1.8 8.6 ± 2.0 8.5 ± 2.1 8.8 ± 1.2 0.925
Dietary intakes
Energy (kcal) 2959.5 ± 623.1 2907.2 ± 473.3 2801.1 ± 599.8 3260.1 ± 902.8 0.334
Total protein (g/day) 116.9 ± 27.6 112.1 ± 20.1 111.3 ± 24.7 134.4 ± 40.2 0.164
Animal protein (g/day) 74.4 ± 21.7 72.6 ± 17.8 69.4 ± 19.4 84.3 ± 31.3 0.386
Vegetal protein (g/day) 42.5 ± 14.9 39.5 ± 10.5 41.8 ± 14.2 50.1 ± 22.7 0.300
Lipids (g/day) 133.1 ± 27.8 134.8 ± 24.9 126.1 ± 21.9 137.4 ± 40.8 0.706
Cholesterol (g/day) 389.0 ± 109.5 386.8 ± 78.1 366.3 ± 112.7 420.0 ± 167.7 0.649
SFA 36.3 ± 10.2 37.2 ± 9.9 33.2 ± 8.7 37.6 ± 13.1 0.633
MUFA 64.4 ± 12.9 64.9 ± 13.2 62.5 ± 11.4 65.7 ± 15.7 0.879
PUFA 22.2 ± 9.0 22.5 ± 9.0 20.9 ± 7.7 23.1 ± 11.4 0.889
Carbohydrates (g/day) 308.5 ± 95.5 298.6 ± 82.1 288.6 ± 93.8 353.9 ± 123.9 0.362
Polysaccharides (g/day) 172.4 ± 75.7 166.2 ± 65.8 166.8 ± 78.2 193.1 ± 100.5 0.728
Total dietary fiber (g/day) 33.1 ± 12.1 31.6 ± 7.9 31.5 ± 10.9 38.6 ± 19.7 0.414
Vitamin A (mcg/day) 1243.3 ± 520.8 1312.5 ± 507.9 1024.6 ± 518.9 1335.2 ± 557.7 0.398
Retinoids (mcg/day) 325.5 ± 132.7 341.4 ± 128.6 286.4 ± 117.9 333.1 ± 166.4 0.635
Carotenoids (mcg/day) 5499.37 ± 3018.4 5818.7 ± 3220.7 4422.0 ± 3135.2 6000.77 ± 2458.3 0.514
Vitamin D (mcg/day) 3.3 ± 1.5 3.6 ± 1.9 3.2 ± 1.1 2.7 ± 1.0 0.406
Vitamin E (mg/day) 18.7 ± 6.1 19.0 ± 6.5 17.6 ± 4.5 19.3 ± 7.3 0.845
Thiamine (mg/day) 2.0 ± 0.8 1.9 ± 0.5 2.0 ± 0.7 2.4 ± 1.3 0.408
Riboflavin (mg/day) 2.1 ± 0.4 2.1 ± 0.5 1.9 ± 0.3 2.3 ± 0.5 0.224
Niacin (mg/day) 27.8 ± 7.2 27.4 ± 5.5 26.2 ± 6.8 30.98 ± 10.8 0.430
Vitamin B6 (mg/day) 2.8 ± 0.8 2.8 ± 0.7 2.8 ± 0.9 3.11 ± 1.2 0.766
Folic acid (mcg/day) 539.3 ± 197.1 532.2 ± 174.6 505.1 ± 185.8 594.9 ± 269.0 0.679
Vitamin B12 (mcg/day) 8.6 ± 3.3 8.3 ± 3.0 7.7 ± 2.0 10.5 ± 4.7 0.228
Vitamin C (mg/day) 270.3 ± 146.0 240.1 ± 104.1 256.0 ± 127.1 355.6 ± 222.4 0.212

Numerical data expressed as mean ± SD. The Student’s t-test was performed to assess the significance of the differences in the dietary intakes between the cluster sections in numerical variables and categorical variables, respectively. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. MD: Mediterranean diet adherences value.