Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with infective endocarditis treated surgically and caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus species.
|
Staphylococcus aureus n = 42 |
Streptococcus Species n = 41 |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/ntotal (%) | n/ntotal (%) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y; median (IQR) | 57 (45.8–72.3) | 58 (50–70.5) | 0.89 |
| Male sex | 25/42 (59.5) | 30/40 (73.2) | 0.19 |
| Diabetes | 11/42 (26.2) | 4/40 (10) | 0.06 |
| COPD | 5/42 (11.9) | 1/40 (2.5) | 0.1 |
| Carcinoma | 1/42 (2.4) | 1/40 (2.5) | 0.97 |
| IVDU | 6/42 (14.3) | 0/40 | 0.03 |
| Chronic renal failure | 13/42 (31) | 10/41 (24.4) | 0.63 |
| Previous dialysis | 7/41 (17.1) | 2/34 (5.9) | 0.17 |
| New renal failure before surgery | 10/42 (23.8) | 6/41 (14.6) | 0.29 |
| Previous endocarditis | 2/41 (4.9) | 0/34 | 0.19 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 12/42 (28.6) | 4/41 (9.8) | 0.03 |
| Community-acquired IE | 38/41 (92.7) | 41/41 (100) | 0.24 |
| Valve | |||
| Vegetation size, cm; mean (SD) | 1.4 (0.95) n = 27 |
1.56 (0.64) n = 18 |
0.61 |
| Prosthetic | 11/42 (26.2) | 3/41 (7.3) | 0.04 |
| Cardiac device (PM, ICD, or CRT) | 6/42 (14.3) | 0/40 (0) | 0.03 |
| Aortic | 24/42 (57.1) | 27/41 (65.9) | 0.26 |
| Mitral | 21/42 (50) | 19/41 (46.3) | 1 |
| Tricuspid | 5/42 (11.9) | 0/41 (0) | 0.03 |
| Pulmonary | 0/42 (0) | 3/41 (7.3) | 0.07 |
| Echocardiographic abscess | 9/42 (21.4) | 5/41 (12.2) | 0.38 |
| Intraoperative abscess | 17/42 (40.5) | 10/41 (24.4) | 0.16 |
| Embolism and extracardiac focus prior surgery | |||
| Embolism (Yes/No) | 24/42 (57.1) | 11/41 (26.8) | 0.007 |
| No embolism | 18/42 (42.9) | 31/41 (75.6) | 0.002 |
| Cerebral | 17/42 (40.5) | 8/41 (19.5) | 0.04 |
| Spleen | 6/42 (14.3) | 1/41 (2.4) | 0.05 |
| Other | 1/42 (2.4) | 1/41 (2.4) | 1 |
| Extracardiac focus (e.g., osteomyelitis) | 10/40 (25) | 3/39 (7.7) | 0.07 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Preoperative WBC, T/µL; median (IQR) | 10.6 (7.9–15) | 10.3 (6.8–13.6) | 0.67 |
| Preoperative CRP, mg/L; median (IQR) | 96.1 (32.8–177.3) | 42.4 (11.25–76.2) | 0.002 |
IQR, interquartile range; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IVDU, intravenous drug user; IE, infective endocarditis; PM, pacemaker; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; WBC, white blood cell count; CRP, C-reactive protein. Bold indicates a p-value below 0.05.