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. 2022 Apr 20;12(9):1060. doi: 10.3390/ani12091060

Table 1.

Description of unitary behaviors and detailed movements during feeding.

Class Description
Unitary behaviors Feeding The animal puts its head into the stall and eats in the feeding rack
Standing The animal stands without head movement and rumination
Lying The main body touches the cubicle floor without head movement and rumination
Ruminating-standing The animal regurgitates food bolus from the rumen, chews and swallows it while standing
Ruminating-
Lying
The animal regurgitates food bolus from the rumen, chews, and swallows it while lying
Walking The animal moves in one direction for at least 30 s
Movements during feeding Feed tossing The animal takes a mouthful of feed then throws the feed into the air or even over its back by twisting the neck
Rolling biting The animal lowers its head and uses its tongue to roll feed into the mouth during feeding
Chewing The animal chews feed with its head up during feeding