TABLE 1.

Growth phenotypes, presence of polar FITC-Con A and India ink staining patterns, and capsule production in R. toruloides wild-type parent Y-1588 and Att⁻ mutants

Isolate	Isolation methoda	Growth phenotypeb	Strong polar FITC-Con A staining pattern	Strong polar India ink staining pattern	Capsule productionc
Parent strain Y-1588		wt	Yes	Yes	Yes
Mutants
5d	caps	clumping	No	No	No
15d	caps	clumping	No	No	No
26d	caps	clumping	No	No	No
38d	caps	clumping	No	No	No
2f	poly	clumping	No	No	Yes
4a	poly	clumping	No	No	Yes
5-11	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
1-12	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
2d	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
1n	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
4e	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
3-3	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
5a	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
3k	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
2i	poly	wt	No	No	Yes
IID2	FACS	wt	No	No	Yes

^acaps, loss of capsule production; poly, enrichment from polystyrene; FACS, flow cytometry and cell sorting (see text). 

^bwt, growth phenotype similar to the growth phenotype of the wild-type parent; clumping, clumps of cells readily fell out of solution. 

^cDetermined by negative staining with India ink.