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. 2022 Apr 26;12(9):1464. doi: 10.3390/nano12091464

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Targeting ability, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in vitro. (a) CLSM images of U87 cells after incubating with MSNs, MSNs/RM, and MSNs/RM/RGD (MSNs labeled with FITC) for 4 h. Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) The cell viabilities treated with MSNs/RM/RGD with different concentrations. (c) The cytotoxicity of (d) live/dead staining of U87 cells in different groups. (I) Control, (II) MSNs/ICG/miR/RM/RGD, (III) MSNs/ICG/miR/RM + NIR, (IV) MSNs/ICG/ RM/RGD + NIR, and (V) MSNs/ICG/miR/RM/RGD + NIR. Scale bar = 100 μm.