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. 2022 May 4;14(9):1928. doi: 10.3390/nu14091928

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Energy drinks (ED) and coffee trigger eosinophilic infiltration in the mucosa of stomach and intestine in rats. (A). Representative histological staining of stomach sections from after 5 days with the indicated treatment. Upper panels: hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining; lower panels: Pagoda red staining. (B). Histogram showing the number of eosinophils per high-powered field (HPF) after five days of the indicated treatment. Data are mean ± SD of ten different counts. (C). Representative histological staining of small intestine sections from after 5 days with the indicated treatment. Upper panels: H&E staining; lower panels: Pagoda red staining. (D). Histogram showing the count of eosinophils per HPF after five days of the indicated treatment. Data are median ± interquartile range of ten different counts. * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.