Figure 3.

Effects of mimicked volatile and mimicked phenolic fractions of Cytisus scoparius, applied separately or concomitantly (mixed) in 1 L hermetic chambers, on the total percentage of germinated seeds (Gt) and early growth of Amaranthus retroflexus. Mean values of four replicates are represented in percentage relative to control. Error bars represent standard deviation (S.D.). p- and F-values of the effects of treatments from by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis H tests are shown. Mean values labeled with distinct letters denote statistically significant differences among treatments (post hoc LSD or Tamhane’s T2 test).