Table 7.

Neurodegenerative disease-related key protein regulated by SUMO.

Substrate	Substrate’s Function	Functional Impact	Disease
APP	Aβ generation	Negative regulation of Aβ aggregates levels	AD [123]
Tau	Microtubule stabilization	Induction of tau hyper-phosphorylation & inhibition of tau degradation	AD [124]
HTT	Microtubule-mediated transport and vesicle function	Increased cytotoxicity by specifically stabilizing mutant HTT via Rhes	HD [125]
α-Synuclein	PD pathogenesis	Maintanance of α-synuclein in a soluble form	PD [126]
DJ-1	Anti-oxidative stress and transcriptional regulation	Essential for DJ-1 solubility and its function	PD [127]
Parkin	E3 Ub ligase	Induction of Parkin’s self-ubiquitination & nuclear translocation	PD [128]

Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid-β; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; APP, Amyloid-β precursor protein; HD, Huntington’s disease; HTT, Huntingtin; PD, Parkinson’s disease.