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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Atmos Environ (1994). 2021 Jul 31;262:118650. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118650

Table 3:

Meta-regression single determinant model results

Exposure group Spatial determinant beta (95% CI)* F-statistic BIC lower than null model? Adjusted r-squared (%)
Mass fraction Long-term PM10 average −0.22 (−0.34, −0.09) 11.38 TRUE 3.76
Long-term PM2.5 average −0.30 (−0.41, −0.19) 27.55 TRUE 7.86
PM2.5 - PM10 correlation 0.34 (0.20, 0.48) 22.15 TRUE 8.19
PM ratio 2.5/10 −0.16 (−0.34, 0.03) 2.85 TRUE 0.69
Sources/emissions PM2.5 dust construction −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) 1.04 FALSE 0.01
PM2.5 dust paved road 0.01 (−0.04, 0.06) 0.12 FALSE −0.28
PM2.5 dust unpaved road −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) 0.19 FALSE −0.26
PM2.5 fires wild 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) 0.15 FALSE −0.27
PM2.5 fires prescribed −0.02 (−0.07, 0.03) 0.71 FALSE −0.09
PM2.5 fires agriculture field burning −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) 0.29 FALSE −0.23
PM2.5 fires all −0.01 (−0.06, 0.05) 0.04 FALSE −0.31
PM2.5 dust all −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) 0.38 FALSE −0.20
PM2.5 dust all and ag crops/livestock −0.01 (−0.07, 0.04) 0.26 FALSE −0.24
PM2.5 agriculture crops livestock 0.00 (−0.07, 0.07) 0.00 FALSE −0.32
VMT+ diesel total −0.04 (−0.08, −0.01) 6.28 TRUE 1.67
VMT diesel per capita −0.13 (−0.27, 0.01) 3.43 FALSE 0.77
VMT gas total −0.03 (−0.05, 0.00) 3.89 FALSE 0.92
VMT gas per capita −0.18 (−0.31, −0.04) 6.26 TRUE 1.66
Components PM2.5 ammonium 0.24 (0.11, 0.38) 12.75 TRUE 3.64
PM2.5 nitrate 0.31 (0.11, 0.52) 9.35 TRUE 2.61
PM2.5 sulfate 0.21 (0.08, 0.35) 9.69 TRUE 2.72
PM2.5 elemental carbon −0.02 (−0.11, 0.08) 0.09 FALSE −0.29
PM2.5 organic carbon 0.11 (−0.06, 0.29) 1.54 FALSE 0.17
*

beta should be interpreted as a shift from the overall daily PM2.5-mortality association (percent change in mortality) of 1.05%. For example, for every 5.91 μg/m3 increase in 6 year average PM10 the mean daily PM2.5-mortality association decreases by 0.22%.

+

vehicle miles traveled