TABLE 1.

Cross talk of N with other essential elements.

Mineral nutrient	Effect of N concentration/uptake	Mechanism	References
P (Optimum)	Enhance N concentration in plant	Synergistic	Jiang J. et al., 2019
P (Deficient)	Application of N alone could cause a severe reduction in grain yield	Antagonistic	Aulakh and Malhi, 2005
K (Optimum)	Increase NH4+ assimilation in plant	Synergistic	Barker and Pilbeam, 2015
K (Deficient)	Competes with NH4 for selective binding sites in the adsorption process	Antagonistic
S (Optimum)	Increased recovery and NUE	Synergistic	Jamal et al., 2010
S (Deficient)	Excessive accumulation of toxic levels of N metabolites in the plant	Antagonistic	Rietra et al., 2017
Ca (Optimum)	Increased water-soluble N and fixed NH4 in the acidic soils, leading to increased N uptake	Synergistic	Wilkinson et al., 2000
Mg (Deficient)	Application of N fertilizers cause grass tetany in livestock caused by low mg concentration in forage	Antagonistic
Zn (Optimum)	Nitrogen improved Zn absorption by plants and vice versa.	Synergistic	Datta and Meena, 2015
Zn (Deficient)	Antagonistic effect either due to dilution effect (decrease or dilution in plant nutrient concentration due to increase in biomass yield) effect or poor translocation of Zn-protein complex in the roots.	Antagonistic
Fe	Application of N increased acidity with NH4 may enhance the availability of Fe2+ by promoting the reduction of Fe3+.	Synergistic	Aulakh and Malhi, 2005
Mn	Application of N leads to reduction of the unavailable Mn4+ to available Mn2+ in soil	Synergistic
Cu (Deficient)	Cu deficiency symptoms became more severe when N was applied to Cu deficient soils.	Antagonistic	Barker and Pilbeam, 2015
Al	Al inhibit root growth and uptake of N	Antagonistic	Zhao and Shen, 2020
Ce	Decrease N assimilation	Antagonistic	Hille et al., 2011