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. 2022 May 13;10(5):E694–E702. doi: 10.1055/a-1789-0548

Table 3. Risk of Bias Assessment for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS).

First author Selection of participants Confounding variables Measurement of exposure Blinding of outcome assessments Incomplete outcome data Selective outcome reporting
2021, Kitamura High High Low Unclear Low Low
2018, Harada Low Low Low Unclear Low Low
2016, Miura High High Low Unclear Low Low
2017, Kanamori High High Low Unclear Low Low
2018, Yoshida High High Low Unclear Low Low
2019, Takezawa High High Low Unclear Low Low