Skip to main content
. 2022 May 13;10(5):E670–E678. doi: 10.1055/a-1797-9318

Table 1. Baseline characteristics.

Ascites (N = 24) No ascites (N = 31) P value
Age (years, mean ± SD) 68.0 ± 8.7 66.3 ± 13.1 0.60
Gender (female, n (%)) 10 (41.7) 12 (38.7) 0.82
Symptoms of GOO (n (%))

  • Nausea and vomiting

 20 (83.3) 23 (74.2) 0.42

  • Abdominal pain

 13 (54.2) 18 (58.1) 0.77

  • Abdominal bloating

  3 (12.5)  2 (6.5) 0.64

  • Weight loss

  6 (25.0)  7 (22.6) 0.83

  • Heartburn

  1 (4.2)  2 (6.5) 1.00

  • Early satiety

  2 (8.3)  5 (16.1) 0.45
Severity of GOO (n (%)) 0.36

  • No oral intake

 19 (79.2) 20 (64.5)

  • Liquid diet only

  3 (12.5)  2 (6.5)

  • Soft diet

  1 (4.2)  5 (16.1)

  • Full diet

  1 (4.2)  4 (12.9)
Cause of malignant GOO (%) 0.97

  • Gastric cancer

  2 (8.3)  3 (9.7)

  • Duodenal/ampullary cancer

  2 (8.3)  4 (12.9)

  • Gallbladder cancer

  0 (0.0)  1 (3.2)

  • Cholangiocarcinoma

  3 (12.5)  2 (6.5)

  • Pancreatic cancer

 14 (58.3) 16 (51.6)

  • Breast cancer

  0 (0.0)  1 (3.2)

  • Endometrial cancer

  0 (0.0)  1 (3.2)

  • Urothelial cancer

  1 (4.2)  0 (0.0)

  • Colorectal cancer

  1 (4.2)  1 (3.2)

  • Liposarcoma

  1 (4.2)  0 (0.0)

  • Lymphoma

  0 (0.0)  1 (3.2)

  • Multiple myeloma plasmacytoma

  0 (0.0)  1 (3.2)
ECOG status, median (IQR)  1 (0.75–2)  1 (1–2) 0.79
ASA status, median (IQR)  3 (3–3)  3 (3–3) 0.94
Previous treatment attempts (%)

  • Stent placement

  5 (20.8)  4 (12.9) 0.48

  • Endoscopic dilation

  2 (8.3)  3 (9.7) 1.00
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (%)  5 (20.8)  4 (12.9) 0.48
Location of obstruction (%) 0.12

  • Antrum/pylorus

  1 (4.2)  6 (19.4)

  • Duodenal bulb

  6 (25.0) 10 (32.3)

  • Second part of duodenum

 15 (62.5) 10 (32.3)

  • Distal duodenum

  2 (8.3)  5 (16.1)

ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.