Table 4.
Effect of 90-day oral administration of LN18178 on clinical biochemistry parameters of male and female Wistar rats.
| Parameters | Sex | LN18178 dose (mg/kg·BW) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main groups | Reversal groups | ||||||
| 0 | 625 | 1250 | 2500 | 0 | 2500 | ||
| ALP (U/L) | M | 85.5 ± 15.01 | 89.4 ± 22.15 | 81.4 ± 17.32 | 83.9 ± 17.62 | 88.4 ± 19.97 | 76.8 ± 9.5 |
| F | 43.3 ± 8.65 | 45.1 ± 6.64 | 46.7 ± 8.83 | 45.1 ± 13.8 | 38 ± 13.08 | 39.4 ± 14.29 | |
| ALT (U/L) | M | 62 ± 11.84 | 61.9 ± 8.94 | 57.8 ± 14.44 | 48.6 ± 11.43∗ | 56.4 ± 2.7 | 59.8 ± 6.14 |
| F | 51.5 ± 7.82 | 50.1 ± 6.17 | 41.5 ± 10.06 | 52 ± 23.49 | 60.2 ± 6.83 | 55.6 ± 5.77 | |
| AST (U/L) | M | 120.5 ± 22.8 | 108.3 ± 16.66 | 113.2 ± 26.2 | 108.9 ± 14.84 | 108 ± 13.25 | 109.2 ± 11.69 |
| F | 102.8 ± 20.8 | 103.8 ± 21.4 | 93.3 ± 22.8 | 106.1 ± 15.02 | 111.6 ± 12.6 | 110.8 ± 16.9 | |
| T.Bil (mg/dL) | M | 0.17 ± 0.16 | 0.13 ± 0.05 | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 0.18 ± 0.13 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0 |
| F | 0.13 ± 0.05 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.12 ± 0.04 | 0.13 ± 0.05 | 0.1 ± 0 | 0.1 ± 0 | |
| BUN (mg/dL) | M | 22.7 ± 3.47 | 23.7 ± 3.65 | 23.5 ± 4.35 | 21.7 ± 5.17 | 22 ± 2.45 | 20 ± 2.12 |
| F | 21.9 ± 1.29 | 21.1 ± 2.28 | 20.5 ± 1.72 | 21.1 ± 3.78 | 20.8 ± 3.56 | 22.2 ± 1.3 | |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | M | 9.16 ± 0.3 | 9.26 ± 0.22 | 9.66 ± 0.38∗ | 9.5 ± 0.41 | 10.06 ± 0.19 | 9.86 ± 0.17 |
| F | 9.08 ± 0.26 | 9.33 ± 0.21 | 9.38 ± 0.63 | 9.25 ± 0.56 | 9.9 ± 0.51 | 9.94 ± 0.6 | |
| T.Chol (mg/dL) | M | 53.7 ± 6.6 | 52.3 ± 8.03 | 52.1 ± 10.59 | 51.4 ± 9.94 | 49 ± 7.58 | 46.8 ± 7.05 |
| F | 37.2 ± 6.2 | 41.8 ± 8.19 | 36.4 ± 6.4 | 40.5 ± 8.3 | 41.4 ± 4.28 | 38 ± 9.43 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | M | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.5 ± 0.04 | 0.51 ± 0.03 | 0.53 ± 0.02 | 0.49 ± 0.03∗ |
| F | 0.57 ± 0.05 | 0.57 ± 0.03 | 0.56 ± 0.06 | 0.56 ± 0.05 | 0.56 ± 0.04 | 0.59 ± 0.04 | |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | M | 113.7 ± 15.78 | 107 ± 9.45 | 114.6 ± 13.52 | 109.6 ± 15.75 | 101.6 ± 23.37 | 105.4 ± 24.81 |
| F | 99.8 ± 17.14 | 94.2 ± 17.46 | 91.8 ± 18.41 | 94.4 ± 18.01 | 102 ± 11.6 | 95.8 ± 22.49 | |
| HDL (mg/dL) | M | 50.6 ± 6.7 | 57.3 ± 9.99 | 58.3 ± 10.52 | 54.4 ± 9.96 | 46.8 ± 6.83 | 47.6 ± 8.32 |
| F | 44.1 ± 7.31 | 48.5 ± 8.73 | 45.8 ± 6.55 | 45.3 ± 6.13 | 44.4 ± 5.86 | 42 ± 9.67 | |
| LDL (mg/dL) | M | 16.2 ± 2.97 | 16.7 ± 2.91 | 16.7 ± 3.68 | 17.6 ± 3.44 | 33.6 ± 4.22 | 33.2 ± 2.49 |
| F | 9 ± 2.54 | 9.3 ± 1.06 | 9.2 ± 1.93 | 9 ± 2.62 | 27.2 ± 1.3 | 29.4 ± 2.51 | |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | M | 5.43 ± 0.53 | 5.16 ± 0.38 | 5.4 ± 0.56 | 5.43 ± 0.49 | 5.22 ± 0.36 | 4.7 ± 0.19∗ |
| F | 3.98 ± 0.44 | 4.49 ± 0.52 | 4.4 ± 0.41 | 4.17 ± 0.53 | 3.96 ± 0.63 | 4.44 ± 0.99 | |
| TP (g/dL) | M | 6.02 ± 0.26 | 6.17 ± 0.27 | 6.26 ± 0.32 | 6.16 ± 0.29 | 6.24 ± 0.36 | 6.32 ± 0.48 |
| F | 6.2 ± 0.54 | 6.18 ± 0.35 | 5.94 ± 0.35 | 6.23 ± 0.55 | 6.48 ± 0.27 | 6.5 ± 0.38 | |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | M | 100.5 ± 35.77 | 108.9 ± 46.44 | 105.5 ± 29.11 | 100.7 ± 27.6 | 98 ± 40.24 | 101.6 ± 23.2 |
| F | 64.3 ± 17.45 | 66.8 ± 34.06 | 65.9 ± 28.18 | 68.4 ± 24.36 | 82.4 ± 29.48 | 78.8 ± 20.79 | |
| Urea (mg/dL) | M | 48 ± 8.52 | 51 ± 8.62 | 49.9 ± 9.89 | 46.6 ± 11.61 | 46.2 ± 4.87 | 42.2 ± 4.87 |
| F | 46.9 ± 5.4 | 45.2 ± 4.69 | 44 ± 4.67 | 44.3 ± 8.68 | 44.2 ± 6.94 | 47.6 ± 2.61 | |
| Sodium (mmoL/L) | M | 139.3 ± 1.35 | 140.22 ± 1.57 | 139.86 ± 1.37 | 138.68 ± 1.45 | 138.56 ± 0.94 | 139.46 ± 0.62 |
| F | 138.61 ± 0.24 | 138.32 ± 1.2 | 137.74 ± 1.07 | 139.14 ± 1.78 | 139.72 ± 1.19 | 139.54 ± 1.12 | |
| Potassium (mmoL/L) | M | 4.55 ± 0.26 | 4.41 ± 0.31 | 4.36 ± 0.3 | 4.62 ± 0.38 | 4.14 ± 0.13 | 4.34 ± 0.29 |
| F | 4.09 ± 0.3 | 4.18 ± 0.15 | 3.94 ± 0.28 | 4.15 ± 0.3 | 4.19 ± 0.24 | 4.09 ± 0.22 | |
| Chloride (mmoL/L) | M | 108.45 ± 1.3 | 107.8 ± 1.41 | 107.98 ± 0.96 | 109.1 ± 1.15 | 106.4 ± 0.94 | 107.06 ± 0.83 |
| F | 109.07 ± 0.97 | 109.28 ± 0.95 | 108.67 ± .07 | 108.28 ± 1.25 | 107.12 ± 0.64 | 107.84 ± 0.94 | |
Data are presented as mean ± SD; ∗ indicates significant changes (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; T.Bil, total bilirubin; TP, total protein, T.Chol, total cholesterol.