Figure 1.

Schematic illustrating caspase-dependent apoptosis-induced release of factors that then promote the proliferation of adjacent tumor and endothelial cells (Cheng et al., 2019; Feng et al., 2017; Kurtova et al., 2015; Lin et al., 2018; Tong et al., 2018). Apoptotic cells promote the proliferation of adjacent cells through AiP. This process is mediated by active caspase-3, which activates different signaling pathways leading to enhanced angiogenesis, tumor repopulation, and wound healing.