Figure 2.

Associations between plasma glucose concentrations from OGTT and primary endpoints

Data are presented as aOR (95% CI) using logistic regression analyses for combined primary maternal and fetal and neonatal endpoints (yes or no) as the dependent variable (separate model for each) per 1 mg/dL increase in venous plasma glucose concentrations from OGTT (continuous variables, all included in the same model). Adjusted for week of gestation at the onset of COVID-19 symptoms (or at PCR-positive test result), multiples (yes or no), maternal age at positive COVID-19 test result, language competence (communication possible with or without problems), parity (0 or ≥1), maternal BMI category before or at the beginning of pregnancy (BMI, <25 or ≥25 kg/m²), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (yes or no), and type of GDM therapy (diet or insulin). The model with combined primary fetal and neonatal endpoint was additionally adjusted for nicotine or smoking during pregnancy (yes or no) as a quasi-complete separation of data points was observed with this potential confounding variable. The asterisk represents P<.05.

aOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.

Kleinwechter. Gestational diabetes mellitus and COVID-19: COVID-19–Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study registry results. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022.