Table 5.
Associations between candidate correlating factors and percent change in CA125 levels among postmenopausal women (N = 1116) by univariable and multivariable linear regressions
Variables | Univariable linear regressionsa | Multivariable linear regressionsb | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effect estimate | CA125 change | P value | Effect estimate | Standard error | CA125 change | P value | |
Smoking | |||||||
Current | −0.096 | −9.15% | 0.258 | ||||
Former | −0.014 | −1.39% | 0.835 | ||||
None | ref | ||||||
EtOH | |||||||
> 2 drinks/day | −0.178 | −16.31% | 0.076 | −0.267 | 0.129 | −23.43% | 0.055 |
1–2 drinks/day | 0.021 | 2.12% | 0.545 | 0.050 | 0.072 | 5.13% | 0.499 |
None | ref | ||||||
Caffeine | −0.0002 | −0.02% | 0.034 | −0.00002 | 0.0002 | −0.002% | 0.887 |
Age of menarche | |||||||
> 12 | 0.020 | 2.02% | 0.687 | ||||
≤ 12 | ref | ||||||
Breastfeedc | 0.020 | 2.02% | 0.689 | ||||
OCP duration | |||||||
10+ years | 0.009 | 0.90% | 0.914 | ||||
5–10 years | −0.002 | −0.20% | 0.978 | ||||
2–5 years | 0.070 | 7.25% | 0.543 | ||||
< 2 years | ref | ||||||
CRP | 0.057 | 5.87% | 0.074 | −0.028 | 0.069 | −2.76% | 0.696 |
Ferritin | −0.0003 | −0.03% | 0.138 | 0.00062 | 0.0006 | 0.06% | 0.473 |
Osteoporosis | −0.017 | −1.69% | 0.750 | ||||
Osteoarthritis | −0.048 | −4.69% | 0.333 | ||||
Hysterectomy | −0.084 | −8.06% | 0.050 | −0.095 | 0.120 | −9.06% | 0.441 |
Oophorectomy | −0.104 | −9.88% | 0.061 | −0.050 | 0.102 | −4.88% | 0.628 |
Salpingectomy | 0.044 | 4.50% | 0.381 | ||||
Endometriosis | −0.205 | −18.54% | 0.126 | −0.068 | 0.112 | −6.57% | 0.554 |
Fibroids | −0.242 | −21.49% | 0.046 | −0.161 | 0.132 | −14.87% | 0.242 |
CADd | 0.131 | 14.00% | 0.134 | 0.249 | 0.115 | 28.27% | 0.047 |
HLD | 0.054 | 5.55% | 0.364 | ||||
Non-ovarian cancer | −0.048 | −4.69% | 0.299 |
EtOH alcohol, CHC current hormonal contraception, OCP oral contraceptive pill, CRP C reactive protein, CAD coronary artery disease, HLD hyperlipidemia
a All univariable regressions were adjusted for baseline variables including age, race/ethnicity, BMI, parity and current hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) use
b Multivariable regressions included the baseline variables (age, race/ethnicity, BMI, parity, HRT) and eligible variables from univariable analyses with cut-off p value < 0.25
c For the “Breastfeed” variable, the reference for parity is one instead of none
d This variable demonstrated significant association with CA125 level in the multivariable linear regression model