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. 2022 May 14;20:228. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01453-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — In vitro uptake and stimulation of in vitro immune response. a Homotypic effect of Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M on four cell lines, namely 4T1, MDA-MB-468, Hepa1-6, and Bxpc-3, examined by flow cytometry. b Statistical analysis of four cell lines after 8 h incubation with Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M or Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837. c CLSM images to show subcellular localization of Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M, and Zr-TCPP/R837@M. Scale bar: 25 μm. d Time related SOSG (5 μM) fluorescence changes of Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M under US irradiation. e CLSM images of 4T1 cells after treated with of Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M with or without US irradiation. DCFH-DA (10 μM) was employed as the intracellular ROS sensor. Scale bar: 25 μm. f CRT exposure and HMGB1 release in 4T1 cells treated with different formulations, following by CLSM. Scale bar: 25 μm. g Flow cytometry analysis of CRT exposure in different groups. h HMGB1 release in cell supernatant after various treatments. i ATP secretion in different groups. Data are expressed as means ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significances were calculated via one-way ANOVA Tukey's multiple comparisons test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001