Table 3.

Auditory perceptual assessment of the voice: voice quality, register, and loudness in the different groups

Item	Group 1 “Pneumonia” “n = 212”	Group 2 “Severe Pneumonia” “n = 152”	Group 3 “Control” “n = 100”	P value
Grade of dysphonia
0  1  2  3 Total number of patients with dysphonia	179 (84.4%) 26 (12.3%) 4 (1.9%) 3 (1.4%) 33 (15.6%)	125 (82.2%) 19 (12.5%) 6 (3.9%) 2 (1.3%) 27 (17.7%)	100 (100.0%) 0 0 0 0	P < 0.002 *P < 0.01 **P < 0.01 ***P = 0.699
Voice quality
Normal  Leaky  Rough Strained & Leaky	179 (84.4%) 13 (6.1%) 9 (4.2%) 11 (5.2%)	125 (82.2%) 18 (11.8%) 2 (1.3%) 7 (4.6%)	100 (100%) 0 0 0	P < 0.000 *P < 0.001 **P < 0.001 ***P = 0.435
Register
Modal  Modal with vocal fry	139 (65.6%) 73 (34.4%)	97 (63.8%) 55 (36.2%)	91 (91.0%) 9 (9.0%)	P < 0.000 *P < 0.000 **P < 0.000 ***P = 0.661
Loudness
Normal  Excessively soft  Excessively loud	149 (70.0%) 62 (29.2%) 1 (0.5%)	101 (66.4%) 51 (33.6%) 0	91 (91.0%) 7 (7.0%) 2 (2.0%)	P < 0.000 *P < 0.000 **P < 0.000 ***P = 0.488

Using Chi-Square test, *P; group 1 to group 3, ** p; group 2 to group 3, ***P; group 1 to group 2