Table 3.

Phytochemical analysis of Moringa oleifera plant parts (changes as per geographical locations, climate and environmental factors)

Plant part	Phytochemical	References
Stem bark	Alkaloids: moringine, moringinine, vanillin, β sitosterol, 4-hydroxymellin, octacosanoic acid	[28]
Flower	Amino acids, sucrose, D-glucose, alkaloids, wax, quercetin, kaempferol, alkaloids, rhamnetin, isoquercitrin, kaempferitin	[28]
Leaves	Isothiocyanates, total polyphenols, flavonoid, omega-3 and 6-PUFA, E-lutein	[29, 30]
Fruits	Cytokinins, glucosinolates (glucomoringin), and isothiocyanates, E-lutein	[26, 28–31]
Seeds	O- ethyl-4-(α-L-rhamnosyloxy) benzyl carbamate, 4-(α-L-rhamnosyloxy) benzyl isothiocyanate, niazimicin, 3-O-(6′-O-oleoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)—β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyaranoside, niazirin, β-sitosterol, glycerol-1(9-octadecanoate), glucosinolate, quercetin, isorhamnetin	[28, 32]
Roots	Benzyl glucosinolate (glucotropaeolin), quercetin, and isorhamnetin	[32]
Whole gum exudate	L- arabinose, galactose, glucuronic acid, L- rhamnose, mannose, xylose	[26, 28, 29]
Pod extract	Thiocarbamate, isothiocyanate glycosides, monounsaturated fatty acids	[28, 32]